Trends in incidence and risk markers of student emergency department visits with alcohol intoxication in a U.S. public university—A longitudinal data linkage study

Ngo, Duc Anh; Rege, Saumitra V.; Ait-Daoud, Nassima; Holstege, Christopher P.

doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2018.03.050

Cited by 8 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Given the recent increase in alcohol-related ED visits among college students in general, it is important that steps are taken to reduce the morbidity associated with high-risk alcohol consumption at massgathering events; and young males contribute significantly to that morbidity. 15 The policy implications of this data are important for university administrators. Considering increasing costs for athletic departments across the country, many universities are seeking additional revenue sources.…”

Section: Ruehlmann Et Almentioning

confidence: 97%

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The Impact of Alcohol Sales in A College Football Stadium on Healthcare Utilization

Ruehlmann

Halbur

Moylan

et al. 2023

WestJEM

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Introduction: In 2021, a large Midwestern university began selling alcohol to spectators within the football stadium for the first time. The stadium routinely hosts >65,000 spectators, and drinking alcohol is highly prevalent at pregame tailgating events. Our goal in this study was to determine the impact of in-stadium alcohol sales on the incidence of alcohol-related emergency department (ED) visits and local emergency medical services (EMS) calls. We hypothesized that the availability of alcohol throughout the stadium would lead to an increase in alcohol-related patient presentations. Methods: This was a retrospective study including patients who used local EMS and presented to the ED on football Saturdays in the 2019 and 2021 seasons. There were 11 Saturday games with seven home games each year. The 2020 season was excluded due to the impact of COVID-19- related restrictions on attendance. Trained extractors using predefined criteria reviewed records for each patient to determine whether the visit was alcohol related. Using logistic regression analysis we examined the odds of an EMS call and ED visit being alcohol-related before and after the start of stadium alcohol sales. We compared characteristics of visits before and after the onset of stadium alcohol sales using Student’s t-test for continuous variables and chi-square test for categorical variables. Results: In 2021, after the onset of in-stadium alcohol sales, there were a total of 505 emergency calls to local EMS on football Saturdays (home and away), and 29% of them were for alcohol-related incidents down from 36% of 456 calls in 2019. After adjustment for covariates, the odds of a call being alcohol-related were lower in 2021 than 2019, but this difference was not significant (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 0.83, 95% CI 0.48-1.42). Looking specifically at the seven home games each season, the difference was more pronounced (31% of calls in 2021 compared to 40% in 2019) but not statistically significant after adjustment for covariates (aOR 0.54, 95% CI 0.15-2.03). In the ED, 1,414 patients were evaluated on game days in 2021 and 8% of them for alcohol-related reasons. This is similar to 2019, when 9% of the 1,538 patients presented due to alcohol-related complaints. After adjustment for covariates, the odds of an ED visit being alcohol-related were similar in 2021 and 2019 (aOR 0.98, 95% CI 0.70-1.38). Conclusion: There was a decrease in alcohol-related EMS calls on home game days in 2021, although the result was not statistically significant. In-stadium alcohol sales had no significant impact on the frequency or proportion of alcohol-related ED visits. The reason for this outcome is unclear, but it is possible that fans drank less at tailgate parties knowing they could consume more once the game started. Long lines and a two-beverage limit at stadium concessions may have kept patrons from consuming excessively. The results of this study may inform similar institutions regarding the safe implementation of alcohol sales during mass-gathering events.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Ruehlmann Et Almentioning

confidence: 97%

The Impact of Alcohol Sales in A College Football Stadium on Healthcare Utilization

Ruehlmann

Halbur

Moylan

et al. 2023

WestJEM

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“…A considerable amount of research in health services is focused on patients with alcohol intoxication, a consequence of ingesting large amounts of alcohol, and their use of emergency services [38][39][40]. Data from the 2005 and 2010 U.S. National Alcohol Surveys conducted in the general population do not show significant differences between patients with hazardous alcohol consumption and patients without hazardous consumption in terms of use of emergency services, PC, and hospitalizations in the previous year [41].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Patterns of Alcohol Consumption and Use of Health Services in Spanish University Students: UniHcos Project

Romero‐Rodríguez

Amezcua-Prieto

Morales-Suárez-Varela

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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The aim of the study was to examine the association of alcohol consumption patterns (hazardous alcohol use and binge drinking) and the use of emergency services and primary care consultations in university students. An observational, descriptive, cross-sectional study was conducted at eleven Spanish universities collaborating within the uniHcos Project. University students completed an online questionnaire that assessed hazardous alcohol use and binge drinking using the AUDIT questionnaire and evaluated the use of emergency services and primary care. A descriptive analysis of the data was performed, as well as the chi-squared test and Student’s t-test and nonconditional logistic regression models to examine this association. Results: There were 10,167 participants who completed the questionnaire. The prevalence of hazardous alcohol use was 16.9% (95% CI: 16.2–17.6), while the prevalence of binge drinking was 48.8% (95% CI: 47.9–49.8). There were significant differences in the use of emergency services in those surveyed with hazardous alcohol use (p < 0.001) or binge drinking pattern (p < 0.001). However, no significant differences were observed in terms of attendance during primary care visits in individuals with hazardous alcohol use (p = 0.367) or binge drinking pattern (p = 0.755). The current study shows the association between university students with a pattern of hazardous alcohol use or binge drinking and greater use of emergency services. However, no significant association was observed between the said consumption patterns and the use of primary care services.

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“…Moreover, universities house large numbers of individuals at a point in neurobiological development that represent a particular risk for substance misuse and/or addiction (Steinberg, 2010). As a result, college students engage in elevated rates of binge drinking (Silveri, 2012; Wechsler et al, 1994) and experience high rates of alcohol‐related physical/sexual violence (Ngo, Ait‐Daoud, et al, 2018; Wechsler et al, 1994) and/or death (Ngo, Rege, et al, 2018). Nevertheless, despite the current sample representing an important population, the current findings would be strengthened by replicating these findings in a larger, more diverse population.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reinforcer pathology II: Reward magnitude, reward delay, and demand for alcohol collectively relate to college students' alcohol related problems

Stancato

Schneider

Reed

et al. 2020

J Exper Analysis Behavior

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The reinforcer pathologies model of addiction posits that two characteristic patterns of operant behavior characterize addiction. Specifically, individuals suffering from addiction have elevated levels of behavioral economic demand for their substances of abuse and have an elevated tendency to devalue delayed rewards (reflected in high delay discounting rates). Prior research has demonstrated that these behavioral economic markers are significant predictors of many of college students' alcohol‐related problems. Delay discounting, however, is a complex behavioral performance likely undergirded by multiple behavioral processes. Emerging analytical approaches have isolated the role of participants' sensitivity to changes in reinforcer magnitude and changes in reinforcer delay. The current study uses these analytic approaches to compare participants' discounting of money versus alcohol, and to build regression models that leverage these new insights to predict a wider range of college students' alcohol related problems. Using these techniques, we were able to 1) demonstrate that individuals differed in their sensitivity to magnitudes of alcohol versus money, but not sensitivity to delays to those commodities and 2) that we could use our behavioral economic measures to predict a range of students' alcohol related problems.

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Trends in incidence and risk markers of student emergency department visits with alcohol intoxication in a U.S. public university—A longitudinal data linkage study

Cited by 8 publications

References 22 publications

The Impact of Alcohol Sales in A College Football Stadium on Healthcare Utilization

The Impact of Alcohol Sales in A College Football Stadium on Healthcare Utilization

Patterns of Alcohol Consumption and Use of Health Services in Spanish University Students: UniHcos Project

Reinforcer pathology II: Reward magnitude, reward delay, and demand for alcohol collectively relate to college students' alcohol related problems

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