Trends in human immunodeficiency virus diagnoses among men who have sex with men in North America, Western Europe, and Australia, 2000–2014

Chapin-Bardales, Johanna; Schmidt, Axel J.; Guy, Rebecca; Kaldor, John; McGregor, Skye; Sasse, André Deeke; Archibald, Chris; Rank, Claudia; Barbarà, Jordi Casabona i; Folch, Cinta; Vives, Núria; Cowan, Susan; Cazein, Françoise; Velter, Annie; Heiden, Matthias an der; Gunsenheimer‐Bartmeyer, Barbara; Marcus, Ulrich; Coul, Eline Op de; Sighem, Ard van; Aldir, Isabel; Martins, Helena Cortes; Berglund, Torsten; Veličko, Inga; Gebhardt, Martin; Delpech, Valérie; Hughes, Gwenda; Nardone, Anthony; Hall, H. Irene; Johnson, Anna Satcher; Sullivan, Patrick S.

doi:10.1016/j.annepidem.2018.09.006

Cited by 20 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Consistent with the interpretation of age‐specific HIV prevalence data, the HIV incidence among MSM and TGW aged 18 to 19 was over 21% per year – a staggering statistic, but one that is consistent with other data from across sub‐Saharan Africa and beyond that show much higher incidence among younger than in older MSM [4,6‐8]. The concentration of HIV risk among young MSM identified in South Africa is part of a larger global vulnerability of young MSM [10,25‐27]. There are unique challenges to providing HIV prevention services to MSM and TGW.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 70%

HIV prevalence and incidence in a cohort of South African men and transgender women who have sex with men: the Sibanye Methods for Prevention Packages Programme (MP3) project

Sullivan

Phaswana‐Mafuya

Baral

et al. 2020

J. Intern. AIDS Soc.

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Introduction: Men who have sex with men (MSM) and transgender women (TGW) are at increased risk for acquiring HIV, but there are limited HIV incidence data for these key populations in Africa. Understanding HIV prevalence and incidence provides important context for designing HIV prevention strategies, including pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) programmes. We describe HIV prevalence, awareness of HIV infection, HIV incidence and associated factors for a cohort of MSM and TGW in Cape Town and Port Elizabeth, South Africa. Methods: From 2015 to 2016, MSM and TGW in Cape Town and Port Elizabeth were enrolled and prospectively followed for 12 months, receiving a comprehensive package of HIV prevention services. HIV testing was conducted at baseline and at follow-up visits (targeted for three, six and twelve months). All HIV-negative PrEP-eligible participants were offered PrEP enrolment during the first four months of study participation. We determined HIV prevalence among participants at baseline, and incidence by repeat screening of initially HIV-negative participants with HIV tests at three, six and twelve months. Results: Among 292 participants enrolled, HIV prevalence was high (43%; 95% CI: 38 to 49) and awareness of HIV status was low (50%). The 167 HIV-negative participants who were followed prospectively for 144.7 person-years; nine incident HIV infections were documented. Overall annual incidence was 6.2% (CI: 2.8 to 11.8) and did not differ by city. Annual HIV incidence was significantly higher for younger (18 to 19 years) MSM and TGW (MSM: 21.8% (CI: 1.2 to 100); TGW: 31.0 (CI: 3.7, 111.2)). About half of participants started PrEP during the study; the annual incidence of HIV among 82 (49%) PrEP starters was 3.6% (CI: 0.4, 13.1) and among those who did not start PrEP was 7.8% (CI: 3.1, 16.1). Conclusions: HIV incidence was high among MSM and TGW in the context of receiving a comprehensive package of prevention interventions and offering of PrEP. PrEP uptake was high; the observed incidence of HIV in those who started PrEP was about half the incidence of HIV in those who did not. Future implementation-oriented studies should focus on decisions to start and continue PrEP for those at highest risk, including young MSM.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 70%

HIV prevalence and incidence in a cohort of South African men and transgender women who have sex with men: the Sibanye Methods for Prevention Packages Programme (MP3) project

Sullivan

Phaswana‐Mafuya

Baral

et al. 2020

J. Intern. AIDS Soc.

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“…Our study has implications for the commissioning of STI services as well as for the recommendation for HIV oral chemoprophylaxis, also known as pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP). We found that between 2010 and 2013, 0.26% in Switzerland, 0.33% in Geneva and 0.39% of MSM in Zurich had been diagnosed with HIV every year (in a population with increasing rates of HIV testing),24 and yearly HIV diagnoses among MSM in Switzerland have since decreased 30. The WHO recommends PrEP for MSM with substantial risk of infection, defined as an HIV incidence of about 3% or higher 31.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

The Denominator problem: estimating the size of local populations of men-who-have-sex-with-men and rates of HIV and other STIs in Switzerland

Schmidt

Altpeter

2019

Sex Transm Infect

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ObjectivesThere is no estimate of the current number of men who have sex with men (MSM) in Switzerland, or of their geographical distribution. We aimed to (1) estimate MSM concentration factors and population sizes for 83 Swiss postal code areas (PCA), including the nine largest Swiss cities, and (2) calculate MSM-specific local HIV prevalence and yearly rates of diagnosed HIV, hepatitis C virus (HCV), syphilis and gonorrhoea.MethodsWe triangulated data from general population estimates, MSM online surveys, published data on HIV prevalence and Swiss notification data for HIV and STDs. We compared two different formulae for the estimation of local MSM populations and calculated Bayesian 95%-credible-intervals (CrI) for each PCA.ResultsAcross Switzerland, we estimate the MSM population aged 15–64 at roughly 80 000 men (95% CrI 64 000–96 000). (1) MSM in Switzerland were most concentrated in the five largest cities of Zurich, Geneva, Lausanne, Bern and Basel. (2) We estimate that in 2012, 6300 MSM, or 8.0%, were living with HIV, both diagnosed and undiagnosed and 1700 MSM, or 2.2%, had non-suppressed HIV infection. Between 2010 and 2013, average yearly rates of diagnosed HIV, HCV, syphilis and gonorrhoea were 0.3%, 0.02%, 0.4 % and 0.4 %, respectively.ConclusionsCombining general population data, MSM online surveys and notification data allows the calculation of realistic estimates of local MSM populations and thus proportions of MSM with diagnosed HIV and other STIs, with implications for prevention planning, commissioning of health services and counselling MSM on HIV/STI risk. Our methodology for Switzerland is transferable to other countries with similar data sources.

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“…In the EEA, five countries account for 70% of new HIV diagnoses in MSM: France, Germany, Italy, Spain and the UK. Since 2014, all five of these countries have observed declining numbers of new HIV diagnoses among MSM (ECDC & WHO Regional Office for Europe, 2018), so has Switzerland (Chapin- Bardales et al, 2018). Consequently, the overall number of new diagnoses of HIV infections acquired during sex between men in the EEA overall is currently in decline.…”

Section: Current Overview Of Hiv/sti Diagnoses Among Msm In Europementioning

confidence: 99%

European Men-Who-Have-Sex-With-Men Internet Survey (EMIS-2017): Design and Methods

et al. 2019

Self Cite

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Men-who-have-sex-with-men (MSM) carry a disproportionate burden of sexually transmitted infections across Europe. Health planners require sexual health needs assessment data to respond appropriately. In addition, surveillance of risk and precaution behaviours in this population enables evaluative judgements of policy responses. The European MSM Internet Survey (EMIS-2017) aimed to repeat the pan-European online survey on male homosexual behaviour conducted in 2010, both to update information required to plan and monitor health promotion interventions and consolidate harmonisation of existing behavioural surveillance approaches. Our study team collaborated with more than 200 partners from academia, public health and civil society across 50 countries. Starting from our previous EMIS-2010 questionnaire, partners engaged in three rounds of iterative survey development and piloting until the final content was agreed. Transfer to an online survey application was followed by further pretesting before translation into 32 additional languages, final testing and sign-off. The survey was available to complete online in 33 languages simultaneously from 18 October 2017 to 31 January 2018. Ten international MSM dating mobile apps were paid to send short promotional messages, and national partners promoted the survey via at least another 272 websites and social media accounts. Real-time monitoring of responses facilitated targeted advertising by country and recruitment source. Ultimately 144,305 cases were submitted of which 137,358 (95.2%) were eligible for inclusion. EMIS-2017 demonstrated the feasibility of multi-country online MSM surveying with public funding. Meaningful involvement of a large number of collaborators in the survey design and its execution ensured successful recruitment. Careful design, piloting and presentation ensured the survey was acceptable and had authority and perceived community benefit. Partners in 38 countries have already been supplied with a national database of 100 or more respondents for national analysis, while the study team has focussed on international comparisons among 137,358 respondents in 50 countries.

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Trends in human immunodeficiency virus diagnoses among men who have sex with men in North America, Western Europe, and Australia, 2000–2014

Cited by 20 publications

References 16 publications

HIV prevalence and incidence in a cohort of South African men and transgender women who have sex with men: the Sibanye Methods for Prevention Packages Programme (MP3) project

HIV prevalence and incidence in a cohort of South African men and transgender women who have sex with men: the Sibanye Methods for Prevention Packages Programme (MP3) project

The Denominator problem: estimating the size of local populations of men-who-have-sex-with-men and rates of HIV and other STIs in Switzerland

European Men-Who-Have-Sex-With-Men Internet Survey (EMIS-2017): Design and Methods

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