Trends in Effective Diffusion Coefficients for Ion-Exchange Strengthening of Soda-Lime-Silicate Glasses

Abstract

Monovalent cations enable efficient ion-exchange processes due to their high mobility in silicate glasses. Numerous properties can be modified in this way, e.g., mechanical, optical, electrical, or chemical performance. In particular, alkali cation exchange has received significant attention, primarily with respect to introducing compressive stress into the surface region of a glass, which increases mechanical durability. However, most of the present applications rely on specifically tailored matrix compositions in which the cation mobility is enhanced. This largely excludes the major area of soda-lime-silicates (SLS) such as are commodity in almost all large-scale applications of glasses. Basic understanding of the relations between structural parameters and the effective diffusion coefficients may help to improve ion-exchanged SLS glass products, on the one hand in terms of obtainable strength and on the other in terms of cost. In the present paper, we discuss the trends in the effective diffusion coefficients when exchanging Na + for various monovalent cations (K + , Cu + , Ag + , Rb + , and Cs + ) by drawing relations to physicochemical properties. Correlations of effective diffusion coefficients were found for the bond dissociation energy and the electronic cation polarizability, indicating that localization and rupture of bonds are of importance for the ion-exchange rate.

Ionic Conductivity of Na3Al2P3O12 Glass Electrolytes—Role of Charge Compensators

“…18,19 However, the major function of Na + ions is dictated by the constituents present in the chemical composition of glass. 20 The modifier cations depolymerize the network structure by converting the bridging oxygens (BOs) into nonbridging oxygens (NBOs), while the charge compensators provide the deficient charge to the triply charged cations and incorporate them as the tetrahedral anion (for example, AlO 4…”

Effect of B₂O₃ substitution for SiO₂ in alkali aluminoborosilicate glasses on chemical strengthening

“…The negative change localized on the NBO impedes the movement of Na + /K + ions during the ionexchange. 7) For instance, when SLS glass is treated at 410°C for 8 h in a molten KNO 3 bath, the DOL is only 12¯m. 8) Such a shallow DOL cannot cover pre-existing cracks on the glass, which occur as general cracks at depths of the order of 110¯m.…”

Tuning the mechanical toughness of the metal nanoparticle‐implanted glass: The effect of nanoparticle growth conditions

“…As evidenced by the optical and SEM images in which the opaque layer front reaches deeper in Ag than in Cu and nanoparticles grow bigger in Ag than that in Cu, respectively. The implantation process in Ag seems more efficient due to the larger diffusion constant of Ag in SLG 41 . Apart from the visual difference, the two metals give rise to different elastic and inelastic properties of their composites.…”

“…The implantation process in Ag seems more efficient due to the larger diffusion constant of Ag in SLG. 41 Apart from the visual difference, the two metals give rise to different elastic and inelastic properties of their composites. The Young's modulus values of Ag and Cu are 85 and 130 GPa, 42 respectively.…”