Trends in cocirculation of oncogenic HPV genotypes in single and multiple infections among the unvaccinated community

Vazifehdoost, Manijheh; Eskandari, Fatemeh; Sohrabi, Amir

doi:10.1002/jmv.27706

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 52 publications

(130 reference statements)

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“… 13 In a study on 1133 women in Tehran from 2012 to 2015, there were similarities with our study in terms of the detected genotypes; HPV 6 (25.1%), 16 (9.8%), 31 (6.4%), and 53 (5.9%) were the most prevalent genotypes. 25 In a study on samples taken from 31 provinces in Iran, HPV 6, 16, 11, and 52/53 were the most common genotypes detected in women. 17 A meta-analysis reported the HPV 6 along with HPV 11 and 42 as the prevalent lrHPV genotypes in Iran.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of Human Papillomavirus (HPV) Genotypes among Women During 2015–2020 in Mashhad, Iran

Bakhshani,

Ganjali,

Tabatabaeizadeh

2023

Arch Iran Med

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Background: Cervical cancer is the fourth most common cancer in women, and human papillomavirus (HPV) is the leading cause of cervical cancer. Cervical cancer screening and HPV vaccination are important in the incidence of cervical cancer. Methods: This study was performed on Liquid Base Cytology (LBC) samples of 1214 women in Mashhad who were referred for cervical cancer screening in 2015-2020. Samples were examined by Single-Step PCR and Reverse Line Blot for HPV genotyping. Results: 386 women (31.8%) were HPV PCR positive. HPV genotyping of 277 samples showed that HPV 31 (3%), 16 (2.5%), 51 (2.2%), 18 (2%), and 66 (1.8%) were the most prevalent high-risk HPV (hrHPV) genotypes. Among low-risk HPV (lrHPV) genotypes, HPV 6 (9.2%), 53 (4.7%), and 42 (2.8%) were the most common genotypes. The range of multiple infections varied between two to eight genotypes and the prevalence of multiple HPV infections (12.4%) was higher than single infections (10.4%). For women with single HPV infections, HPV 31 and 66 were equally the most common hrHPV genotypes, followed by HPV 16 and 39. In women with multiple HPV infections, HPV 31 was the most common hrHPV genotype, followed by HPV 51 and 16. For both the single and multiple HPV infections, HPV 6 was the most common lrHPV genotype, followed by HPV 53 and 42. Conclusion: In conclusion, due to the high prevalence of HPV single and multiple infections, the need for governmentally supported HPV vaccination and through cervical cancer screening should be emphasized to prevent cervical cancer.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of Human Papillomavirus (HPV) Genotypes among Women During 2015–2020 in Mashhad, Iran

Bakhshani,

Ganjali,

Tabatabaeizadeh

2023

Arch Iran Med

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“…Coinfection refers to the presence of multiple viral infections in the same individual. 65,66 Here are some examples of HPV coinfection with other viruses:…”

Section: Hpv Types Global Distributionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human Papillomavirus Infection: Epidemiology, Biology, Host Interactions, Cancer Development, Prevention, and Therapeutics

Wolf

2023

Preprint

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Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is one of the most common sexually transmitted infections worldwide. It is caused by the human papillomavirus, a DNA virus that infects epithelial cells in various mucous membranes and skin surfaces. HPV can be categorized into high-risk and low-risk types based on their association with the development of certain cancers. High-risk HPV types, such as HPV-16 and HPV-18, are known to be oncogenic and are strongly associated with the development of cervical, anal, vaginal, vulvar, penile, and oropharyngeal cancers. These types of HPV can persist in the body for an extended period and, in some cases, lead to the formation of precancerous lesions that may progress to cancer if left untreated. Low-risk HPV types, such as HPV-6 and HPV-11, are not typically associated with cancer but can cause benign conditions like genital warts. Genital warts are characterized by the growth of small, cauliflower-like bumps on the genital and anal areas. Although not life-threatening, they can cause discomfort and psychological distress. HPV is primarily transmitted through sexual contact, including vaginal, anal, and oral sex. It can also be transmitted through non-penetrative sexual activities that involve skin-to-skin contact. In addition to sexual transmission, vertical transmission from mother to child during childbirth is possible but relatively rare. Prevention of HPV infection includes vaccination and safe sexual practices. HPV vaccines, such as Gardasil and Cervarix, are highly effective in preventing infection with the most common high-risk HPV types. These vaccines are typically administered to adolescents and young adults before they become sexually active. Safe sexual practices, such as consistent and correct condom use and limiting the number of sexual partners, can also reduce the risk of HPV transmission. Diagnosis of HPV infection can be challenging because the infection is often asymptomatic, especially in men. In women, HPV testing can be done through cervical screening programs, which involve the collection of cervical cells for analysis. Abnormal results may lead to further diagnostic procedures, such as colposcopy or biopsy, to detect precancerous or cancerous changes. Overall, HPV infection is a prevalent sexually transmitted infection with significant implications for public health. Vaccination, regular screening, and early treatment of precancerous lesions are key strategies to reduce the burden of HPV-related diseases and their associated complications. Education and awareness about HPV and its prevention are crucial in promoting optimal sexual health. This study aimed to carry out a literature review considering several aspects involving HPV infection: Global distribution, prevalence, biology, host interactions, cancer development, prevention, therapeutics, coinfection with other viruses, coinfection with bacteria, association with head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCC), and association with anal cancer.

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“…HPV infections can occur concurrently with other viral infections. Coinfection refers to the presence of multiple viral infections in the same individual 70,71 . Here are some examples of HPV coinfection with other viruses:…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human papillomavirus infection: Epidemiology, biology, host interactions, cancer development, prevention, and therapeutics

Wolf,

Kist,

Pereira

et al. 2024

Reviews in Medical Virology

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Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is one of the most common sexually transmitted infections worldwide. It is caused by the HPV, a DNA virus that infects epithelial cells in various mucous membranes and skin surfaces. HPV can be categorised into high‐risk and low‐risk types based on their association with the development of certain cancers. High‐risk HPV types, such as HPV‐16 and HPV‐18, are known to be oncogenic and are strongly associated with the development of cervical, anal, vaginal, vulvar, penile, and oropharyngeal cancers. These types of HPV can persist in the body for an extended period and, in some cases, lead to the formation of precancerous lesions that may progress to cancer if left untreated. Low‐risk HPV types, such as HPV‐6 and HPV‐11, are not typically associated with cancer but can cause benign conditions like genital warts. Genital warts are characterised by the growth of small, cauliflower‐like bumps on the genital and anal areas. Although not life‐threatening, they can cause discomfort and psychological distress. HPV is primarily transmitted through sexual contact, including vaginal, anal, and oral sex. It can also be transmitted through non‐penetrative sexual activities that involve skin‐to‐skin contact. In addition to sexual transmission, vertical transmission from mother to child during childbirth is possible but relatively rare. Prevention of HPV infection includes vaccination and safe sexual practices. HPV vaccines, such as Gardasil and Cervarix, are highly effective in preventing infection with the most common high‐risk HPV types. These vaccines are typically administered to adolescents and young adults before they become sexually active. Safe sexual practices, such as consistent and correct condom use and limiting the number of sexual partners, can also reduce the risk of HPV transmission. Diagnosis of HPV infection can be challenging because the infection is often asymptomatic, especially in men. In women, HPV testing can be done through cervical screening programs, which involve the collection of cervical cells for analysis. Abnormal results may lead to further diagnostic procedures, such as colposcopy or biopsy, to detect precancerous or cancerous changes. Overall, HPV infection is a prevalent sexually transmitted infection with significant implications for public health. Vaccination, regular screening, and early treatment of precancerous lesions are key strategies to reduce the burden of HPV‐related diseases and their associated complications. Education and awareness about HPV and its prevention are crucial in promoting optimal sexual health. This study aimed to carry out a literature review considering several aspects involving HPV infection: Global distribution, prevalence, biology, host interactions, cancer development, prevention, therapeutics, coinfection with other viruses, coinfection with bacteria, association with head and neck squamous cell carcinomas, and association with anal cancer.

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Trends in cocirculation of oncogenic HPV genotypes in single and multiple infections among the unvaccinated community

Cited by 5 publications

References 52 publications

Prevalence of Human Papillomavirus (HPV) Genotypes among Women During 2015–2020 in Mashhad, Iran

Prevalence of Human Papillomavirus (HPV) Genotypes among Women During 2015–2020 in Mashhad, Iran

Human Papillomavirus Infection: Epidemiology, Biology, Host Interactions, Cancer Development, Prevention, and Therapeutics

Human papillomavirus infection: Epidemiology, biology, host interactions, cancer development, prevention, and therapeutics

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