Trends in cancer mortality in Brazil, 1980–2004

Abstract

Scanty information, limited to selected areas of the country, is available on cancer mortality in Brazil. Age-standardized (world population) mortality rates between 1980 and 2004, derived from the WHO database, were computed for all cancers and 24 major cancer sites in Brazil. Joinpoint regression analyses were used to identify the significant changes in trends and estimate annual percent change (APC) in rates. Total cancer mortality rates increased over the last decade in men (APC = 0.5) to reach 101.2/100 000, and in women (APC = 0.3) to reach 71.3/100 000. In men, upward trends were observed for cancers of the oral cavity and pharynx with a rate of 5.9/100 000 in 2000-2004, intestines (whose rate, however was low, i.e. 7.6), prostate (12.2), and leukemias (3.4). Male lung cancer increased until 1993 (APC = 1.39) and decreased thereafter (APC = -0.29), with a relatively low rate of 16.2/100 000 in 2000-2004. In women, there were steady upward trends for cancers of the lung (APC = 2.3), reaching 6.2/100 000 in 2000-2004, and leukemias (2.5). Breast cancer mortality leveled off at around 10/100 000 in the last decade, whereas declines were observed for cancers of the uterus, whose rate (8.3) however, remained comparatively high. Declines were observed for stomach cancer in both sexes, with rates of 11.1 in men and 4.6 in women. In conclusion, the key issues of cancer mortality in Brazil are the high rates of head and neck cancers in men and (cervix) uterine cancer in women, that is, in principle cancers that are largely avoidable through prevention, screening, and early diagnosis.

Prostate cancer mortality trends in Argentina 1986-2006: an age-period-cohort and joinpoint analysis

“…Other authors, however, had reported a stabilizing of rates in the period 1966-1991 22 . Moreover, the increased rates in the later 1990s in Argentina are consistent with trends in other Latin American countries such as Brazil 23 , Chile 24 and Mexico 21 .…”

<b>Tendência da mortalidade por câncer nas capitais e interior do Brasil entre 1980 e 2006</b>

“…The present study confi rms other recent research, 6 showing that the magnitude of the cancer mortality rates in Brazil is, in general, lower than that of developed countries. Nonetheless, the overall trends and the trends for the leading sites do not indicate reduction, except for stomach and cervical cancer which, despite being on the decline, can be considered high in relation to the trends found in other countries.…”

Trend of mortality rates for gastric cancer in Brazil and regions in the period of 30 years (1980-2009)

“…The trend of standardized mortality rates was assessed by polynomial regression, considering the rates standardized according to world population (6) mortality from stomach cancer, according to sex, and stratified by Brazilian regions (Midwest, Northeast, North, Southeast, and South).…”

“…Thus, the best evidence for the study of the magnitude of the problem in Brazil is the study of mortality in the country (6) . Thus, this study aims to assess the trend of mortality from stomach cancer in Brazil according to regions between 1980 and 2009.…”