“…Nevertheless, most experimental data generated in ecotoxicology studies assess biological responses over a specific exposure time under diverse toxicant concentrations, and the exposure time is represented only in the form of the measured endpoint (e.g., 72-h EC50) (Brooks et al, 2019;Mancini, 1983;OCDE, 1997;Van den Brink et al, 2019). It is possible that different conclusions on the effect of the same toxicant concentration could be derived for different exposure durations (Barata et al, 1999;Byrne and Maher, 2019;Hickey et al, 1991;Ragas, 2011). In this respect, concentration-time-response surfaces could provide a more complete presentation of the available data, and could reveal crucial information in environmental studies, including risk management, where the aim is to determine precise quantitative ecotoxicity values (Barata et al, 1999;Lee et al, 1995;Paumgartten, 1993;Sun et al, 1995).…”