Trends and causes of adult mortality from 2007 to 2017 using verbal autopsy method, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

Abstract

ObjectivesWe aim to analyse the trends and causes of mortality among adults in Addis Ababa.SettingThis analysis was conducted using verbal autopsy data from the Addis Ababa Mortality Surveillance in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.ParticipantsAll deceased adults aged 15 years and above between 2007–2012 and 2015–2017 were included in the analysis.Outcome measuresWe collected verbal autopsy and conducted physician review to ascertain cause of death.ResultA total of 7911 data were included in this analysis. Non-communicable disease (NCD) accounted for 62.8% of adult mortality. Mortality from communicable diseases, maternal conditions and nutritional deficiencies followed this by accounting for 30.3% of total mortality. Injury accounted for 6.8% of total mortality. We have observed a significant decline in mortality attributed to group one cause of death (43.25% in 2007 to 12.34% in 2017, p<0.001). However, we observed a significant increase in mortality attributed to group II cause of death (from 49.95% in 2007 to 81.17% in 2017, p<0.001). The top five leading cause of death in 2017 were cerebrovascular disease (12.8%), diabetes mellitus (8.1%), chronic liver disease (6.3%), hypertension (5.7%), ischaemic heart disease (5.7%) and other specified neoplasm (5.2%).ConclusionWe documented an epidemiological shift in cause of mortality from communicable diseases to NCD over 10 years. There is a great progress in reducing mortality due to communicable diseases over the past years. However, the burden of NCDs call for actions for improving access to quality health service, improved case detection and community education to increase awareness. Integrating NCD intervention in to a well-established and successful programme targeting communicable diseases in the country might be beneficial for improving provision of comprehensive healthcare.

Addressing discrepancies in estimates of road traffic deaths and injuries in Ethiopia

“…The 2016 DHS in Ethiopia is an important example of such a data source because it is the only nationally representative source of information on road traffic injury mortality. Instead, GBD’s estimates for road traffic injuries in Ethiopia are informed by cause-of-death data from verbal autopsy surveillance in a primarily rural setting (Kilite Awlaelo in Northern Ethiopia),32 33 data from burial site surveillance in the capital city of Addis Ababa and morbidity and mortality data from seven health and demographic surveillance sites 34. However, publications from the Addis Ababa surveillance team suggest that traffic death rates are much higher than GBD estimates.…”

“…However, publications from the Addis Ababa surveillance team suggest that traffic death rates are much higher than GBD estimates. For instance, Fenta et al 34 report that 4.53% of all deaths in the 15–49 age group in the surveillance data during 2007–2017 were due to transport accidents. In contrast, GBD estimates for Addis in this age group and for this period range from 2.1% to 3.0%.…”

Pattern and Trends in Adult Hospitalization/Admission and Mortality Among Medical Ward Inpatients at Gadarif Hospital in Eastern Sudan: A Four-Year Retrospective Study

“…Cerebrovascular disease (12.8%), diabetes mellitus (8.1%), and chronic liver disease (6.3%) were the leading causes of death in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. 16 In case of Kersa, Eastern Ethiopia, 32.4% of deaths occurred due to infectious and parasitic diseases, 11.4% due to circulatory diseases, and 9.2% due to gastrointestinal disorders. 17 In Uganda, non-TB pneumonia (28.8%), tuberculosis (27.1%), stroke (26.8%), malignancy (26.1%), and HIV/AIDS (25%) were the major causes of mortality among adults patients.…”

“… 13 , 14 Moreover, different mortality rates were reported in different SSA countries. 13 , 15 Likewise, while cerebrovascular disease and diabetes mellitus are predominant causes of death in some SSA settings, 16 infectious and parasitic diseases are predominant in other settings. 13 , 17 , 18 …”

Socioeconomic inequality in knowledge about HIV/AIDS over time in Ethiopia: A population-based study

“…Ethiopia ranks 153 rd out of 167 countries in the Prosperity Index [ 32 ]. In Ethiopia, HIV/AIDS is the 6 th and 13 th leading cause of mortality among females and males, respectively [ 33 ]. Women are at a higher risk of HIV infection, with approximately 0.36 million women and 0.22 million men living with HIV in Ethiopia [ 34 ].…”