Trend in the incidence of smear-positive tuberculosis in a district in South India after DOTS implementation

Subramani, R; S, Gomathy; Lakshmi, M; Swaminathan, Soumya

doi:10.5588/ijtld.15.1018

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…The present study is the first of its kind from India which was conducted among Saharia, one of the Particularly Vulnerable Tribal Groups (PVTG) in Madhya Pradesh, central India to estimate the incidence of PTB. Though TB incidence studies have been conducted in different settings [17][18][19][20], our findings have high validity since we have followed-up the same population at two time points to find out new PTB cases occurring during one year period. The salient finding from this study is the PTB incidence of 1504 per 100,000 population in Saharia tribe which is very high as compared to the national average of 217 per 100,000 population [3].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 81%

High incidence of pulmonary tuberculosis in an indigenous Saharia tribe in Madhya Pradesh, central India—A prospective cohort study

Bhat

Yadav

Sharma

et al. 2022

PLOS Glob Public Health

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Background Lack of TB incidence data is an important evidence gap among Saharia–a high TB burden indigenous community in Madhya Pradesh, central India. The present study was undertaken to calculate the incidence of pulmonary tuberculosis in this tribe. Objective To calculate the incidence of pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) among the Saharia tribal population in Madhya Pradesh, central India. Methods A prospective cohort study was conducted among the Saharia tribal population (aged 15 years and above) of Shivpuri district in Madhya Pradesh state in central India. A total of 9,756 individuals were screened for TB in the baseline TB prevalence survey during 2012–13. All available household members were screened for symptoms suggestive of pulmonary TB (presumptive TB). Two sputum specimens were collected from persons having symptoms suggestive of TB and examined by smear and culture tests. A cohort of all non-TB individuals in the baseline survey was followed-up for one year and re-screened for the sysmptoms of PTB in the year 2014–15. Based on the data collected, the incidence of TB over one year period was estimated per 100,000 population. Results A total of 9756 and 9044 individuals (≥ 15 years) were screened for symptoms suggestive of PTB during baseline and endline surveys respectively. The sputum specimens of presumptive TB cases were collected and examined by smear and culture tests. The overall incidence of bacteriologically positive (smear and/or culture) PTB over one year period was 1504 (95% Confidence Interval (CI): 1273–1776) per 100,000 in the study population, the incidence of smear-positive PTB was 1106 (95% CI: 910–1343), and the incidence of culture-positive PTB was 1084 (95% CI: 890–1319) per 100,000 population. The incidence for both smear and culture-positive PTB was 686 (95% CI: 535–878) per 100,000 population in the year 2014–15. The incidence of PTB was 2.8 times higher in males compared to females (2259 vs 807 per 100,000) and was positively correlated with age. Conclusion The findings of the study, the first of its kind in the Saharia tribal population, indicate a high incidence of TB in this tribal community thereby highlighting the urgent need for focused and intensified efforts to achieve the goal of TB elimination in the country.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 81%

High incidence of pulmonary tuberculosis in an indigenous Saharia tribe in Madhya Pradesh, central India—A prospective cohort study

Bhat

Yadav

Sharma

et al. 2022

PLOS Glob Public Health

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“…[ 18 ] In a study in Southern India, observed decrease in incidence rate of PTB+ during 1999–2008. [ 19 ]…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Silent changes of tuberculosis in Iran (2005-2015): A joinpoint regression analysis

Marvi

Asadi-Aliabadi

Darabi

et al. 2017

J Family Med Prim Care

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Introduction and Aim:Tuberculosis (TB) poses a severe risk to public health through the world but excessively distresses low-income nations. The aim of this study is to analyze silent changes of TB in Iran (2005–2015): A joinpoint regression analysis.Materials and Methods:This is a trend study conducted on all patients (n = 70) that register in control disease center of Joibar (one of coastal cities and tourism destination in Northern Iran which was recognized as an independent town since 1998) during 2005–2015. The characteristics of patients imported to the SPSS 19 and variation in incidence rate of different forms of pulmonary TB (PTB) (PTB+ or PTB–) and extra-PTB (EPTB)/year was analyzed. Variation in incidence rate of TB for male and female groups and different age groups (0–14, 15–24, 25–34, 35–44, 45–54, 55–64, and above 65 years) was analyzed, variation in trend of this diseases for different groups was compared in intended years, and also, variation in incidence rate of TB was analyzed by Joinpoint Regression Software.Results:The total number of TB was 70 cases during 2005–2015. The mean age of patients was 42.31 ± 21.26 years and median age was 40 years. About 71.4% of patients were PTB (55.7% for with PTB+ and 15.7% with PTB–) and rest of them (28.4%) were EPTB. In regard to classification of cases, 97.1% of them were new cases, 1.45% of them were relapsed cases, and 1.45% of them imported cases. In addition, history of hospitalization due to TB was observed in 44.3%.Conclusion:Despite recent developments of governmental health-care system in Iran and proper access to it and considering this fact that identification of TB cases with passive surveillance is possible. Hence, developing certain programs for sensitization of the covered population is essential.

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Catastrophic costs due to tuberculosis in South India: comparison between active and passive case finding

Muniyandi

Thomas

Nagarajan

et al. 2019

Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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Background To measure and compare economic burden at the household level for tuberculosis (TB) patients who were detected through active case finding (ACF) and passive case finding (PCF) in rural areas. Methods This study was conducted in the Thiruvallur district from October 2016 to March 2018. TB patients diagnosed through ACF were included in this study. For the comparison, patients diagnosed through ACF were recruited in the ratio of 1:2 from the same study area during the same period. Costs between the groups were compared and a multiple regression model was used to identify factors associated with catastrophic costs due to TB. Results Of the 336 individuals, 110 were diagnosed through ACF and 226 through PCF. A total of 29% of patients diagnosed through PCF and 9% of patients diagnosed through ACF experienced catastrophic costs due to TB. The multiple logistic model shows that catastrophic costs due to TB had a significant association with higher income status (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 4.91 [confidence interval {CI} 2.39 to 10.08]; p<0.001), alcohol use (aOR 2.78 [CI 1.33 to 5.81]; p=0.007), private as a first point of care (aOR 3.91 [CI 2.01 to 7.60]; p<0.001) and PCF (aOR 3.68 [CI 1.62 to 8.33]; p=0.002). Conclusions Findings highlight that ACF significantly averted catastrophic costs due to TB among patients. ACF as a strategy could ensure financial protection of TB patients and limit their risk of poverty.

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Trend in the incidence of smear-positive tuberculosis in a district in South India after DOTS implementation

Abstract: A well-implemented DOTS strategy can lead to a reduction in the TB burden in the community.

Cited by 3 publications

References 6 publications

High incidence of pulmonary tuberculosis in an indigenous Saharia tribe in Madhya Pradesh, central India—A prospective cohort study

High incidence of pulmonary tuberculosis in an indigenous Saharia tribe in Madhya Pradesh, central India—A prospective cohort study

Silent changes of tuberculosis in Iran (2005-2015): A joinpoint regression analysis

Catastrophic costs due to tuberculosis in South India: comparison between active and passive case finding

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