Trench floor depositional response to glacio-eustatic changes over the last 45 ka, northern Hikurangi subduction margin, New Zealand

Woodhouse, Adam; Barnes, Philip M.; Shorrock, Anthony; Strachan, Lorna J.; Crundwell, Martin P.; Bostock, Helen C.; Hopkins, Jenni L.; Kutterolf, Steffen; Pank, K.; Behrens, Erik; Greve, Annika; Bell, Rebecca; Cook, A.; Petronotis, K. E.; LeVay, Leah J.; Jamieson, Robert A.; Aze, Tracy; Wallace, L. M.; Saffer, D. M.; Pecher, Ingo

doi:10.1080/00288306.2022.2099432

Cited by 7 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 215 publications

(308 reference statements)

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“…(2001) are also considerably older (Miocene–Pliocene) than the late Pleistocene age of unit II (Barnes et al ., 2019). Post‐cruise refinements of the age‐depth model (Crundwell & Woodhouse, 2022; Woodhouse et al ., 2022) did not uncover obvious signs of a hiatus at either the upper or lower boundary of unit II (Fig. 4).…”

Section: Geological Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 90%

“…The age‐depth model of Woodhouse et al . (2022) correlates the base of unit I with an acceleration of the accumulation rate ca 40 ka (Fig. 4).…”

Section: Geological Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 90%

“…Bypassing of the continental shelf was enhanced somewhat during the last glacial lowstand, and fluxes to the deep sea have waned in some places during the current Holocene highstand (Walsh et al ., 2007; Alexander et al ., 2010; Gerber et al ., 2010). Microfossil ages show that sedimentation rates on the trench floor accelerated significantly during the last glacial maximum (Crundwell & Woodhouse, 2022; Woodhouse et al ., 2022). On the other hand, some of the submarine‐canyon heads remain close to the shoreline to this day (e.g.…”

Section: Geological Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(2019), Woodhouse et al . (2022) and Crundwell & Woodhouse (2022). Bedding dips (from shipboard measurements of split cores), porosity values (from shipboard moisture and density measurements) and values of undrained shear strength (from shipboard vane shear tests) are from Barnes et al .…”

Section: Geological Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Ambiguity exists in the interpretation of some of the internal sedimentary structures, such as thin silt/mud couplets and fine silt laminae (Fig. 5), so unequivocal identification of the boundaries between muddy turbidite tops and hemipelagic interbeds remains elusive (Noda et al ., 2022; Woodhouse et al ., 2022).…”

Section: Geological Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Composition of fine‐grained sediment in the Hikurangi Trough: Evidence for intermingling among axial gravity flows, transverse gravity flows and margin‐parallel ocean currents

Underwood

2023

Sedimentology

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The International Ocean Discovery Program cored five sites during Expeditions 372 and 375 to investigate the Hikurangi margin, offshore Poverty Bay, North Island, New Zealand. Trench‐wedge deposits were recovered at Site U1520, and the frontal accretionary prism was cored at Site U1518. Based on X‐ray diffraction analyses of the clay‐sized fraction, illite and smectite are the dominant clay minerals. Compositional scatter is unusually large, and a well‐defined mixing trend is evident between illite‐rich and smectite‐rich end members. The proportion of smectite ranges from 9 to 59 wt.% at Site U1518 and from 12 to 62 wt.% at Site U1520. Nearby slope deposits at Sites U1517 and U1519 are more homogeneous, with consistently higher proportions of smectite. The East Cape Current is probably responsible for transporting smectite‐rich suspensions towards the south‐west from sources that include the Taupo Volcanic Zone. Illite‐rich muds require different sources and different routing paths to the trench. Some suspended sediment probably originated in the Waipaoa watershed on the North Island, entering the trench via Māhia Canyon. Other gravity flows probably started in Kaikōura Canyon or Cook Strait and moved towards the north‐east, down the trench's axial channel. The influence of turbidity currents on clay composition changes with water depth, as do the effects of reworking by contour currents and the role of passive hemipelagic settling. The broad continuum of clay compositions in the trench is enhanced by variable amounts of mixing among multiple ocean currents and fluctuating durations of suspension within a bottom nepheloid layer. That complexity deviates from the paradigm of turbidite‐dominated trench wedges. The margin's compositional diversity also complicates the goal of predicting or modelling three‐dimensional variations in frictional, geotechnical and hydrogeological properties. Those lithological properties are important because they affect slope stability along strike and changes in fault‐slip behaviour along the subduction interface.

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Section: Geological Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 90%

“…The age‐depth model of Woodhouse et al . (2022) correlates the base of unit I with an acceleration of the accumulation rate ca 40 ka (Fig. 4).…”

Section: Geological Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 90%

Section: Geological Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Geological Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Geological Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Composition of fine‐grained sediment in the Hikurangi Trough: Evidence for intermingling among axial gravity flows, transverse gravity flows and margin‐parallel ocean currents

Underwood

2023

Sedimentology

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Using pollen in turbidites for vegetation reconstructions

McDonald,

Strachan,

Holt

et al. 2024

J Quaternary Science

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Turbidites, deposited by sub‐aqueous gravity flows, are common in sedimentary archives worldwide and present a unique challenge and opportunity when reconstructing past vegetation through pollen analysis. When sampling pollen from a sediment core for palaeovegetation records, it is common practice to target background sediments (i.e. pelagic sediment) and avoid sampling turbidites, as they are presumed to portray a misleading picture of past vegetation. This assumption stems from our limited understanding of pollen abundance and distribution through turbidites, meaning that palynologists overlook deposits that could potentially be used to reconstruct past vegetation and climate. We present pollen assemblage and sedimentological data from four recent (<150 years) deep marine turbidite deposits from the Hikurangi Subduction Margin, Aotearoa‐New Zealand, with the aim of understanding the abundance and distribution of pollen in fine‐grained turbidites. We find that pollen is diluted in the bases of turbidites, but despite this dilution, the proportions of different pollen taxa remain consistent through each turbidite. These results confirm that pollen can be sampled from turbidites for palaeovegetation reconstructions and that sampling the fine‐grained upper parts of turbidites will provide the best pollen recovery.

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Revisiting the occurrence and distribution of Indian Ocean Tephra: Quaternary marine Toba ash inventory

Kutterolf

Schindlbeck-Belo

Müller

et al. 2023

Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research

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Trench floor depositional response to glacio-eustatic changes over the last 45 ka, northern Hikurangi subduction margin, New Zealand

Abstract: This is a repository copy of Trench floor depositional response to glacio-eustatic changes over the last 45 ka, northern Hikurangi subduction margin, New Zealand.

Cited by 7 publications

References 215 publications

Composition of fine‐grained sediment in the Hikurangi Trough: Evidence for intermingling among axial gravity flows, transverse gravity flows and margin‐parallel ocean currents

Composition of fine‐grained sediment in the Hikurangi Trough: Evidence for intermingling among axial gravity flows, transverse gravity flows and margin‐parallel ocean currents

Using pollen in turbidites for vegetation reconstructions

Revisiting the occurrence and distribution of Indian Ocean Tephra: Quaternary marine Toba ash inventory

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