Tremor as the first neurological manifestation of Sneddon's syndrome

Silva, Ana Martins da; Rocha, Nelson Studart; Pinto, Miguel; Alves, Victor; Farinha, Fátima; Correia, Ana Paula; Coelho, Teresa; Magalhães, Marina

doi:10.1002/mds.20270

Cited by 10 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…Intracerebral (ICH), subarachnoid or intraventricular hemorrhage are unusual in SS. Movement disorders including chorea and tremor were occasionally been described [ 33 , 34 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sneddon’s syndrome: a comprehensive review of the literature

Xu²,

Liang³

2014

Orphanet J Rare Dis

116

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Sneddon’s syndrome (SS) is a rare non-inflammatory thrombotic vasculopathy characterized by the combination of cerebrovascular disease with livedo racemosa(LR). The Orpha number for SS is ORPHA820. It has been estimated that the incidence of SS is 4 per 1 million per annum in general population and generally occurs in women between the ages of 20 and 42 years. LR may precede the onset of stroke by years and the trunk and/or buttocks are involved in nearly all patients. The cerebrovascular manifestations are mostly secondary to ischemia (transient ischemic attacks and cerebral infarct). Other neurological symptoms range from headache, cerebral hemorrhage, seizures, cognitive and psychiatric disturbances. The involved internal organs include heart, kidney, and eyes. Histological findings of skin are characteristic and the involved vessels are small to medium-sized arteries at the border of dermis to subcutis with a distinct histopathological time course. The main diagnostic criteria are general LR with typical histopathological findings on skin biopsy and focal neurological deficits. The pathogenesis is related to hypercoagulable state and intrinsic small-vessel vasculopathy. The optimal management remains an unsolved problem and long-term anticoagulation have been recommended for cerebral ischemic events based on the presumed pathogenesis. There are controversial results in treatment of SS with immunomodulatory agents. The aim of this review is to comprehensively discuss this disease.

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“…Intracerebral (ICH), subarachnoid or intraventricular hemorrhage are unusual in SS. Movement disorders including chorea and tremor were occasionally been described [ 33 , 34 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sneddon’s syndrome: a comprehensive review of the literature

Xu²,

Liang³

2014

Orphanet J Rare Dis

116

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Atypical movement disorders in antiphospholipid syndrome

et al. 2006

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Movement disorders have only rarely been reported in association with antiphospholipid syndrome (APS). In such cases, chorea is the most common disorder observed, with occasional reports of hemidystonia, Parkinsonism, and hemiballism. We report here on 3 cases of APS (3 women ages 16, 46, and 56 years) who presented with movement disorders, including tics, tremor, myoclonus, and a corticobasal syndrome, never or rarely reported in association with this disease. Mild executive dysfunction was observed in all 3 patients. We also report the successful treatment of two of these patients with mild oral anticoagulation (INR 2-3). Movement disorders in APS seem more clinically heterogeneous than previously thought. Oral anticoagulation should be considered in the treatment of movement disorders associated with APS.

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