“…The biosensing functionalities of contact lenses have become possible with advancements in device downsizing for microcircuits, microsensors, and other microscale devices [ 20 ]. There are two major groups of sensors for sensing tear fluid: chemical (biomolecules, metabolites, and electrolytes) and physiological (wrinkling behavior, tear production, IOP, and temperature) sensors [ 23 , 24 ]. Electrochemical sensing has a higher sensitivity and temporal resolution than fluorescence-based sensing using colorimetric assays [ 25 , 26 ].…”