Trehalases and trehalose hydrolysis in fungi

Jorge, João Atı́lio; Polizeli, Maria de Lourdes Teixeira de Moraes; Thevelein, Johan M.; Terenzi, Héctor Francisco

doi:10.1111/j.1574-6968.1997.tb12639.x

Cited by 103 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…The beta-1,3-glucanase encoded by VDAG_10470 , which is up-regulated in the MS + library, may, for example, contribute to cell wall modifications that accompany morphological transitions in MS development, much as beta-1,3-glucanase is involved in morphogenesis in S. cerevisiae [48]. In addition, fungal periplasmic trehalases, which convert trehalose to glucose, are up-regulated under nutrient limiting or starvation conditions [49,50], and the observed enhanced expression, in the MS + library, of the putative periplasmic trehalase VDAG_03038 may therefore reflect depletion of nutrient levels in the actively growing 10-day V. dahliae cultures.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

RNA-seq analyses of gene expression in the microsclerotia of Verticillium dahliae

et al. 2013

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BackgroundThe soilborne fungus, Verticillium dahliae, causes Verticillium wilt disease in plants. Verticillium wilt is difficult to control since V. dahliae is capable of persisting in the soil for 10 to 15 years as melanized microsclerotia, rendering crop rotation strategies for disease control ineffective. Microsclerotia of V. dahliae overwinter and germinate to produce infectious hyphae that give rise to primary infections. Consequently, microsclerotia formation, maintenance, and germination are critically important processes in the disease cycle of V. dahliae.ResultsTo shed additional light on the molecular processes that contribute to microsclerotia biogenesis and melanin synthesis in V. dahliae, three replicate RNA-seq libraries were prepared from 10 day-old microsclerotia (MS)-producing cultures of V. dahliae, strain VdLs.17 (average = 52.23 million reads), and those not producing microsclerotia (NoMS, average = 50.58 million reads). Analyses of these libraries for differential gene expression revealed over 200 differentially expressed genes, including up-regulation of melanogenesis-associated genes tetrahydroxynaphthalene reductase (344-fold increase) and scytalone dehydratase (231-fold increase), and additional genes located in a 48.8 kilobase melanin biosynthetic gene cluster of strain VdLs.17. Nearly 50% of the genes identified as differentially expressed in the MS library encode hypothetical proteins. Additional comparative analyses of gene expression in V. dahliae, under growth conditions that promote or preclude microsclerotial development, were conducted using a microarray approach with RNA derived from V. dahliae strain Dvd-T5, and from the amicrosclerotial vdh1 strain. Differential expression of selected genes observed by RNA-seq or microarray analysis was confirmed using RT-qPCR or Northern hybridizations.ConclusionCollectively, the data acquired from these investigations provide additional insight into gene expression and molecular processes that occur during MS biogenesis and maturation in V. dahliae. The identified gene products could therefore potentially represent new targets for disease control through prevention of survival structure development.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

RNA-seq analyses of gene expression in the microsclerotia of Verticillium dahliae

et al. 2013

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“…However, neither trehalose accumulation nor trehalase activity in fungal cells has been related to the tolerance of the fungal biocontrol agents to the thermal stress (Jorge et al 1997) although factors affecting trehalose accumulation in conidia of three entomopathogenic fungi have been well elucidated Magan 1994, 1996). The present study sought to explore possible roles of trehalose and trehalase in the tolerance of B. bassiana to the thermal stress of summer by examining trehalose accumulation and trehalase activity in stressed and unstressed cells.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Physiological implication of intracellular trehalose and mannitol changes in response of entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana to thermal stress

Liu

Ying

Feng

et al. 2008

Antonie van Leeuwenhoek

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To explore possible role of intracellular trehalose accumulation in fungal tolerance to summer-like thermal stress, 3-day colonies of Beauveria bassiana grown on a glucose-free medium at 25 degrees C were separately exposed to 35, 37.5 and 40 degrees C for 1-18 h, respectively. Trehalose accumulation in stressed mycelia increased from initial 4.2 to 88.3, 74.7 and 65.5 mg g(-1) biomass after 6-h stress at 35, 37.5 and 40 degrees C, respectively, while intracellular mannitol level generally declined with higher temperatures and longer stress time. The stress-enhanced trehalose level was significantly correlated to decreased trehalase activity (r(2) = 0.73) and mannitol content (r(2) = 0.38), which was inversely correlated to the activity of mannitol dehydrogenase (r(2) = 0.41) or mannitol 1-phosphate dehydrogenase (r(2) = 0.30) under the stresses. All stressed cultures were successfully recovered at 25 degrees C but their vigor depended on stressful temperature, time length and the interaction of both (r (2) = 0.98). The highest level of 6-h trehalose accumulation at 35 degrees C was found enhancing the tolerance of the stressed cultures to the greater stress of 48 degrees C. The results suggest that the trehalose accumulation result partially from metabolized mannitol and contribute to the fungal thermotolerance. Trehalase also contributed to the thermotolerance by hydrolyzing accumulated trehalose under the conditions of thermal stress and recovery.

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“…In the case of trehalose metabolism, the repression of biosynthesis (tpsA) and the induction of degradation (treA) were observed (Table 2). These changes could be connected to the utilization of trehalose as a potentially abundant carbon source in soil (Jorge et al, 1997) rather than to the stress-related functions of this disaccharide, since the treA gene encodes an extracellular acid trehalase (Fillinger et al, 2001). The production of enzymes responsible for the degradation of plant cell wall polysaccharides is also possible according to the microarray data.…”

Section: Changes In Carbon and Nitrogen Metabolismmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transcriptome changes initiated by carbon starvation in Aspergillus nidulans

et al. 2013

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Carbon starvation is a common stress for micro-organisms both in nature and in industry. The carbon starvation stress response (CSSR) involves the regulation of several important processes including programmed cell death and reproduction of fungi, secondary metabolite production and extracellular hydrolase formation. To gain insight into the physiological events of CSSR, DNA microarray analyses supplemented with real-time RT-PCR (rRT-PCR) experiments on 99 selected genes were performed. These data demonstrated that carbon starvation induced very complex changes in the transcriptome. Several genes contributing to protein synthesis were upregulated together with genes involved in the unfolded protein stress response. The balance between biosynthesis and degradation moved towards degradation in the case of cell wall, carbohydrate, lipid and nitrogen metabolism, which was accompanied by the production of several hydrolytic enzymes and the induction of macroautophagy. These processes provide the cultures with longterm survival by liberating nutrients through degradation of the cell constituents. The induced synthesis of secondary metabolites, antifungal enzymes and proteins as well as bacterial cell walldegrading enzymes demonstrated that carbon-starving fungi should have marked effects on the micro-organisms in their surroundings. Due to the increased production of extracellular and vacuolar enzymes during carbon starvation, the importance of the endoplasmic reticulum increased considerably.

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Trehalases and trehalose hydrolysis in fungi

Cited by 103 publications

References 39 publications

RNA-seq analyses of gene expression in the microsclerotia of Verticillium dahliae

RNA-seq analyses of gene expression in the microsclerotia of Verticillium dahliae

Physiological implication of intracellular trehalose and mannitol changes in response of entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana to thermal stress

Transcriptome changes initiated by carbon starvation in Aspergillus nidulans

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