Treg Cells, Life History, and Diversity

Abstract

Regulatory T cells expressing the FoxP3 transcription factor have a profound and nonredundant role in several aspects of immunological tolerance. We will review here the specification of this lineage, its population dynamics, and the diversity of subphenotypes that correlate with their diverse roles in controlling inflammation in a variety of settings.

Phenotypic Complexity of the Human Regulatory T Cell Compartment Revealed by Mass Cytometry

“…However, it is now clear that in humans, Tregs are in fact a heterogeneous mixture of cellular subphenotypes reflecting different states of maturation, differentiation, and activation (reviewed in Refs. [14][15][16]. Several studies have identified cellular markers differentially expressed within the FOXP3 + T cell (and CD25 hi CD127 lo ) population that delineate cells with distinct developmental states, capacities, and methods of suppression, homing properties as well as targets of suppression.…”

Interindividual variation in human T regulatory cells

“…immunoregulation | suppression C D4 + FOXP3 + regulatory T (Treg) cells are important mediators of immune tolerance, prevent overwhelming immune responses, and regulate extraimmunological functions (1)(2)(3). Their absence leads to lethal lymphoproliferation and multiorgan autoimmunity in scurfy mice and in patients with immunodysregulation polyendocrinopathy enteropathy X-linked syndrome.…”

Emerging Role of Regulatory T Cells in Heterologous Infections

“…The Tregs that develop in the thymus are known as naturally occurring Treg cells and the adaptive Tregs that are induced by various stimulations such as an antigen (Benoist and Mathis, 2012;French and Kinter, 2012;Robertson and Hasenkrug, 2006;. Naturally occurring CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells have been shown to constitute 5-15% of peripheral CD4+ T in both mice and humans (Sakaguchi, 2003).…”