Trees: structure and function and the challenges of urbanization

Lüttge, Ulrich; Buckeridge, Marcos Silveira

doi:10.1007/s00468-020-01964-1

Cited by 52 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Кількість оксиду вуглецю, яку поглинає зелена маса, та кількість кисню, який нею виділяється, залежать від стану насадження, його віку, породного складу, повноти та ряду інших факторів (Arshad et al, 2020). Зелені насадження слугують надійним фільтром, що очищає повітря від пилу (Lüttge & Buckeridge, 2020). У лісі пилові частки осідають на стовбурах і гілках, на поверхні листя, прилипають до смолистих виділень.…”

Section: вступunclassified

Assessment of the Recreational Transformation of the Grass Cover of Public Green Spaces

Yorkina¹,

Teluk²,

Umerova³

et al. 2021

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The paper reveals regularities of grass projective cover variation depending on the level of recreational transformation of public green spaces, taking into account stand density and soil electrical conductivity. The hypothesis that herbaceous cover is positively influenced by moisture and trophicity of edaphotopes and the stand is an antagonist of herbaceous cover is confirmed. The nature of intra-ecosystem relationships of the park stand is influenced by the level of recreation. Assessment of the level of recreational transformation of the grass cover of green areas of public use is performed on the example of the park Novoalexandrovsky of Melitopol. Within the city park, the grass layer is influenced by natural and anthropogenic environmental factors. Based on the data on the hardness of the soil quantified the level of recreational load and set the following levels of recreational load: low level, below a moderate level, moderate level, above a moderate level and high level. Stand density is an important natural factor that affects the herb layer primarily through the regulatory function of access to sunlight. Quantitatively, trophicity and moisture can be estimated using the electrical conductivity index, which depends on both the amount of salts dissolved in the ground liquid (trophicity) and the moisture content. The obtained data show that electrical conductivity of soil within the park is on the average 0,11 ± 0,0037 dSm/m and in 95% of cases varies from 0 (electrical conductivity below the lower limit of device sensitivity) to 0,19 dSm/m. Observed electrical conductivity values are much less than critical values, so within the park, excessive salinity is not a limiting factor for herbaceous plant growth. Projective cover of the herbaceous layer is on average 2,60 ± 0,11%. In 95% of cases this indicator is in the range of 0‒10%. The level of variability of projective coverage is rather high ‒ 96,48%. Distribution asymmetry is significant and positive, indicating a significant shift in the distribution of this indicator towards small values. The kurtosis is also significant and positive, which indicates the predominance of modal values compared to the random alternative. The distribution of the projective coverage can be described as a mixture of two distributions with a normal law. The component with a lower mean of 0,76 ± 0,59% is 46,0% of the mixture, and the component with a mean of 3,63 ± 2,24% is 54,0% of the mixture. It should be noted that the Kolmogorov‒Smirnov test indicates a low level of explanatory power even for such a complex model. Therefore, it should be assumed that the variation of the projective cover of herbaceous cover is determined by a number of significant factors. According to the quantitative indicators of vegetation cover, the following levels of recreational load can be distinguished: low (combines small and less than moderate levels), medium (combines moderate and above moderate) and high (corresponds to the high level). Differences in projective cover within the smallest and below moderate level on the one hand, and medium and above moderate level on the other hand, are not statistically reliable.

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Section: вступunclassified

Assessment of the Recreational Transformation of the Grass Cover of Public Green Spaces

Yorkina¹,

Teluk²,

Umerova³

et al. 2021

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“…Another harmful and costly urban problem is related to wood-decay fungi diseases. This problem will burden the urban tree on its many years of wood-decay builds up, hence cause tree fall conflict to arise (Lüttge & Buckeridge, 2020). However, inadequate or even minimum space that left for planting bring some practitioner to plant the tree without putting extra concern on how to sustain the tree with this on-site limiting factors.…”

Section: Post Establishment Practicementioning

confidence: 99%

Sustainable Urban Streetscape: Managing trees as green infrastructure

Zairuddin

Othman

Malek

2020

AjBeS

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Green and grey infrastructure plays a significant role in exposing the quality to the urban streetscape. The establishment and post-execution of streetscape planting management practice become a marking factor in measuring the sustainability of roadside tree planting. Due to the acceleration of the urbanization, conflicts in growing healthy roadside tree planting keep arising. Hence, this study is to deliver a discussion of non-numerical data on the potential attributes and approaches that can be adopted and adapted in Malaysia for a better quality of streetscape tree planting practices. Keywords: Streetscape Design; Roadside Tree Planting; Tree Sensitive Urban Design Theory eISSN 2398-4295 ©2020. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers (AMER); Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians / Africans / Arabians (ABRA); Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies (cE-Bs), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia DOI: https://doi.org/10.21834/ajbes.v5i19.193

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“…Most plant species cannot avoid adverse impacts in a variable environment (Doley 2017). Therefore, adaptation to environmental stressors holds an important role in the survival of both herbaceous (Wu et al 2007) and woody (Lüttge and Buckeridge 2020) plants. Plant resilience to environment challenges, especially to deviations of abiotic Abstract Shelford's law of tolerance is illustrated by a bell-shaped curve depicting the relationship between environmental factor/factors' intensity and its favorability for species or populations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plant hormesis and Shelford’s tolerance law curve

Erofeeva

2021

J. For. Res.

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Shelford's law of tolerance is illustrated by a bell-shaped curve depicting the relationship between environmental factor/factors’ intensity and its favorability for species or populations. It is a fundamental basis of ecology when considering the regularities of environment impacts on living systems, and applies in plant biology, agriculture and forestry to manage resistance to environmental limiting factors and to enhance productivity. In recent years, the concept of hormesis has been increasingly used to study the dose–response relationships in living organisms of different complexities, including plants. This requires the need for an analysis of the relationships between the hormetic dose–response model and the classical understanding of plant reactions to environments in terms of Shelford's law of tolerance. This paper analyses various dimensions of the relationships between the hormetic model and Shelford’s tolerance law curve under the influence of natural environmental factors on plants, which are limiting for plants both in deficiency and excess. The analysis has shown that Shelford’s curve and hormetic model do not contradict but instead complement each other. The hormetic response of plants is localized in the stress zone of the Shelford’s curve when adaptive mechanisms are disabled within the ecological optimum. At the same time, in a species range, the ecological optimum is the most favorable combination of all or at least the most important environmental factors, each of which usually deviates slightly from its optimal value. Adaptive mechanisms cannot be completely disabled in the optimum, and hormesis covers optimum and stress zones. Hormesis can modify the plant tolerance range to environmental factors by preconditioning and makes limits of plant tolerance to environmental factors flexible to a certain extent. In turn, as a result of tolerance range evolution, quantitative characteristics of hormesis (width and magnitude of hormetic zone) as well as the range of stimulating doses, may significantly differ in various plant species and even populations and intra-population groups, including plants at different development stages. Using hormetic preconditioning for managing plant resistance to environmental limiting factors provides an important perspective for increasing the productivity of woody plants in forestry.

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Trees: structure and function and the challenges of urbanization

Cited by 52 publications

References 25 publications

Assessment of the Recreational Transformation of the Grass Cover of Public Green Spaces

Assessment of the Recreational Transformation of the Grass Cover of Public Green Spaces

Sustainable Urban Streetscape: Managing trees as green infrastructure

Plant hormesis and Shelford’s tolerance law curve

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