Tree vigour influences disease susceptibility of 'Hass' avocado fruits

Willingham, S. L.; Coates, L. M.; Cooke, A. W.; Dean, J. R.

doi:10.1071/ap03079

Cited by 8 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…To the best of our knowledge, very few studies have addressed the influence of agronomic traits on the disease tolerance of fruit tree cultivars to dieback diseases. Willingham et al (2004) reported a contradictory observation: avocado (Persea americana Mill.) fruits from nonvigorous tress affected by root rot pathogens were less susceptible to anthracnose caused by C. gloeosporioides (Penz.)…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Susceptibility of Almond (Prunus dulcis) Cultivars to Twig Canker and Shoot Blight Caused byDiaporthe amygdali

et al. 2022

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Twenty-five almond cultivars were assessed for susceptibility to Diaporthe amygdali, causal agent of twig canker and shoot blight disease. In laboratory experiments, growing twigs were inoculated with four D. amygdali isolates. Moreover, growing shoots of almond cultivars grafted onto INRA ‘GF-677’ rootstock were used in four-year field inoculations with one D. amygdali isolate. In both type of experiments, inoculum consisted of agar plugs with mycelium, which were inserted underneath the bark and the lesion lengths caused by the fungus were measured. Necrotic lesions were observed in the inoculated almond cultivars both in laboratory and field tests, confirming the susceptibility of all the evaluated cultivars to all the inoculated isolates of D. amygdali. Cultivars were grouped as susceptible or very susceptible according to a cluster analysis. The relationship between some agronomic traits and cultivar susceptibility was also investigated. Blooming and ripening times were found relevant variables to explain cultivars performance related to D. amygdali susceptibility. Late and very late blooming, and early and medium ripening cultivars were highly susceptible to D. amygdali. Our results may provide valuable information that could assist in ongoing breeding programs of this crop and additionally in the selection of cultivars for new almond plantations.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Susceptibility of Almond (Prunus dulcis) Cultivars to Twig Canker and Shoot Blight Caused byDiaporthe amygdali

et al. 2022

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“…In many cases this may pose no significant risk to the host as long as the hosts are well maintained. It has been shown that even if potential pathogens are detected in host plants, if the hosts are well managed and not stressed, then post-harvest disease is reduced (Willingham et al 2001;Willingham et al 2004). The…”

Section: Pathogenicity Trial On Fruitmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pathogenic Botryosphaeriaceae associated with Mangifera indica in the Kimberley Region of Western Australia

Ray²,

et al. 2011

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Members of the Botryosphaeriaceae, in particular Lasiodiplodia theobromae, Neofusicoccum parvum, Neofusicoccum mangiferae and Botryosphaeria dothidea, commonly cause stem cankers, dieback and stem end rot of mangoes worldwide. In the current study, eight taxa of Botryosphaeriaceae were identified as canker-associated fungi, pathogens, potential pathogens or endophytes of mangoes in the Kimberley, Australia. These include Neoscytalidium novaehollandiae, Neoscytalidium dimidiatum, Pseudofusicoccum adansoniae, P. ardesiacum, P.kimberleyense, Lasiodiplodia sp. 1, Lasiodiplodia iraniensis and Lasiodiplodia pseudotheobromae. The pathogenicity of a selection of these species toward fruit and branches was tested. All were pathogenic to mango in comparison to the control, with Lasiodiplodia spp.being the most pathogenic. It appears that either geographic isolation or the unique growing conditions in the Kimberley may have provided an effective barrier to the acquisition or establishment of known botryosphaeriaceous pathogens. Wounds caused by mechanical pruning may provide an entry point for infection, whilst severe pruning may increase plant stress.

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“…Compared to values found in the literature, the pulp of these fruit contained low calcium (Ca) concentrations [57][58][59][60][61][62][63][64][65][66][67] and very high N concentrations [67][68][69], with a consequentially high N/Ca ratio of 40. Studies on avocado fruit have revealed that both of these nutrients influence anthracnose susceptibility [58,59,67,[70][71][72][73][74][75][76]. For example, Marques et al [67] reported that 'Hass' fruit with a pulp N/Ca ratio of 45 developed body rots affecting 20% of the flesh volume, as opposed to just 5% in fruit that had a N/Ca ratio of 33.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact Injury at Harvest Promotes Body Rots in ‘Hass’ Avocado Fruit upon Ripening

et al. 2020

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Global demand for avocados has risen rapidly in recent years, yet supplying fruit that consistently meets consumer expectations for quality remains a challenge in the industry. Body rots in avocado fruit are a leading cause of consumer dissatisfaction. Anecdotal evidence suggests that body rot development may be promoted by mechanical injury at harvest and packing, despite the fruit being hard, green and mature (i.e., unripe) at these stages. Here, ‘Hass’ avocado fruit, harvested across multiple fruiting seasons from commercial orchards, were subjected to controlled impact from drop heights of 15–60 cm at the time of harvest or packing. With increasing drop height, body rot development at eating ripe stage generally occurred more frequently and produced larger lesions at the impact site and, in some experiments, elsewhere on the fruit. These findings refute a general belief that green mature avocado fruit can tolerate a degree of rough physical handling without ripe fruit quality being compromised. Ideally, best avocado harvesting and packing practice should recognize that unripe fruit must not experience drop heights of 30 cm or higher.

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Tree vigour influences disease susceptibility of 'Hass' avocado fruits

Cited by 8 publications

References 25 publications

Susceptibility of Almond (Prunus dulcis) Cultivars to Twig Canker and Shoot Blight Caused byDiaporthe amygdali

Susceptibility of Almond (Prunus dulcis) Cultivars to Twig Canker and Shoot Blight Caused byDiaporthe amygdali

Pathogenic Botryosphaeriaceae associated with Mangifera indica in the Kimberley Region of Western Australia

Impact Injury at Harvest Promotes Body Rots in ‘Hass’ Avocado Fruit upon Ripening

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