Tree-Temperature Monitoring for Frost Protection of Orchards in Semi-Arid Regions Using Sprinkler Irrigation

Ghaemi, Ali; Rafiee, Mohammad Rafie; Sepaskhah, Ali Reza

doi:10.1016/s1671-2927(09)60014-6

Cited by 31 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Field temperatures are stabilized from the heat released by the freezing water. Following 17 cold nights, [5] found yield losses of 90% and a 15% reduction in the size of the berries in unprotected beds compared to berries in sprinkled beds. For unprotected vines, major losses occur when the frost persists for only one hour [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Positioning Temperature Sensors for Frost Protection in Northern Cranberry Production

Pelletier¹,

Pépin²,

Gallichand³

et al. 2017

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Frost can cause serious economic losses in cranberry fields, particularly in northern regions. When the air temperature reaches a low critical threshold, sprinklers are operated to protect vines, to insure crop production and profitability. To avoid frost injury, proper positioning of temperature sensors is critical. A field experiment was designed and conducted to determine the optimal installation height of sensors above soil surface. Temperature data was used to investigate the spatial temperature gradient in the section of a cranberry field. A computer simulation of the temperature profile was performed to simulate the effect of wind velocity on the prediction of air temperature. For optimal use, sensors should be installed at the height of the canopy and several meters away from a dike. On nights with low wind velocities, the canopy air temperature was 2.7˚C below that of 500 cm above the ground. The sensors should be put at least five m away from a dike to avoid the transfer of heat from the dike to the sensor. Also, multiple sensors should be installed because of the large variations in air temperature that were measured across the experiment. The simulated temperature indicated that wind velocity strongly influenced the temperature estimation; the effect of the wind on temperatures gradients was greater when the wind velocity was low (<2.3 m/s).

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Positioning Temperature Sensors for Frost Protection in Northern Cranberry Production

Pelletier¹,

Pépin²,

Gallichand³

et al. 2017

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“…Therefore frost is considered a climatic hazard which is responsible for yield loss and can cause an injury to orchard trees [8] . Under certain critical temperatures the injury caused by frost is mostly a major limiting factor for the control of plant distribution on earth [9,10] . These temperatures differ from plant to plant and the development stage.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These temperatures differ from plant to plant and the development stage. It is the minimum temperature at which the plant can resist any serious injury for at least 30 min [9,11,12] . In general frost at −2°C to −3°C is expected to cause damage to some horticultural crops if it stays over a period of at least one hour; −1°C for an extended period such as 3-4 h can also cause similar damage [13] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A review of air disturbance technology for plant frost protection

Asante

et al. 2018

International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering

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Abstract:Confronted with severe frost damage to plants, methods, technologies and equipment have been developed and applied during the past century. The paper presents a comprehensive review on the most effective and active technology to protect plants from radiation frost based on air disturbance technology. The working principle of the technology was elaborated with frost protection mechanism, structures and applicability of three types of working patterns: conventional wind machines, selective inverted sink and portable vertical blowing. As an automatic mechanized technology, control strategy, applicable occasion and proper parameters are introduced for each type of working pattern. The operation of the technology and equipment depends on plant critical temperature, prevailing climatic conditions, thermal inversions strength, as well as costs. The frost protection performance and effectiveness of conventional horizontal wind machines, selective inverted sinks and helicopters are discussed and compared from the cost-effectiveness and application aspects, and the feasibility of selective inverted sinks is still controversial. Therefore, conventional wind machines are the best choice for plant frost protection and consequently are widely used in temperate and subtropical areas throughout the world. The frost protection application with helicopters is not easy to use during the frost nights with high cost. The paper also provides researchers with some perspectives on improving air disturbance technology and its equipment, and some practice recommendations for growers.

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“…Frost damage in fruit trees occurs when water in the plant cell tissues freezes, expands, and ruptures the cell walls. A wide range of frost protection methods to avoiding or reducing frost damage are used, including the following: orchard heaters (Angus 1955), wind machines (Ribeiro et al 2006), sprinkling irrigation (Ghaemi et al 2009), and fogging and foaming (Barfield et al 1990). Major disadvantages of orchard heaters and wind machines are high costs and pollution.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For instance, insufficient application rate, especially in windy conditions, will drop the temperature because of increase in losses of latent heat. Large application rates, on the other hand, may cause excessive ice, resulting in limb breakages, especially in young trees, and also leaching nutrients from the soil, promotion of plant diseases, and suffocation of plant roots (Ghaemi et al 2009). Therefore, an important element in frost protection is deciding when to activate the system.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spring frost vulnerability of sweet cherries under controlled conditions

2015

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Spring frost is a significant production hazard in nearly all temperate fruit-growing regions. Sweet cherries are among the first fruit varieties starting their development in spring and therefore highly susceptible to late frost. Temperatures at which injuries are likely to occur are widely published, but their origin and determination methods are not well documented. In this study, a standardized method was used to investigate critical frost temperatures for the sweet cherry cultivar 'Summit' under controlled conditions. Twigs were sampled at four development stages ("side green," "green tip," "open cluster," "full bloom") and subjected to three frost temperatures (-2.5, -5.0, -10.0 °C). The main advantage of this method, compared to other approaches, was that the exposition period and the time interval required to reach the target temperature were always constant (2 h). Furthermore, then, the twigs were placed in a climate chamber until full bloom, before the examination of the flowers and not further developed buds started. For the first two sampling stages (side green, green tip), the number of buds found in open cluster, "first white," and full bloom at the evaluation date decreased with the strength of the frost treatment. The flower organs showed different levels of cold hardiness and became more vulnerable in more advanced development stages. In this paper, we developed four empirical functions which allow calculating possible frost damages on sweet cherry buds or flowers at the investigated development stages. These equations can help farmers to estimate possible frost damages on cherry buds due to frost events. However, it is necessary to validate the critical temperatures obtained in laboratory with some field observations.

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Tree-Temperature Monitoring for Frost Protection of Orchards in Semi-Arid Regions Using Sprinkler Irrigation

Cited by 31 publications

References 10 publications

Positioning Temperature Sensors for Frost Protection in Northern Cranberry Production

Positioning Temperature Sensors for Frost Protection in Northern Cranberry Production

A review of air disturbance technology for plant frost protection

Spring frost vulnerability of sweet cherries under controlled conditions

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