Tree species richness differentially affects the chemical composition of leaves, roots and root exudates in four subtropical tree species

Weinhold, Alexander; Döll, Stefanie; Min, Liu; Schedl, Andreas; Pöschl, Yvonne; Xu, Xingliang; Neumann, Steffen; Dam, Nicole M. van

doi:10.1111/1365-2745.13777

Cited by 25 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 98 publications

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“…Polar metabolites were extracted using methanol (75% v/v) and water acetate buffer (25% v/v) extraction. The untargeted metabolome analysis was performed using an ESI-UHR-Q-ToF-MS (maXis impact, Bruker Daltonics, Hanburg, Germany) in positive mode, following the procedure described in Weinhold et al (2022) with some minor modifications. The full description of the method is reported in Supporting information.…”

Section: Leaf and Fine Root Chemical Analyses And Untargeted Metabolo...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Leaf and root chemical and physical defence traits mediate monoculture yield decline in a grassland experiment

Bassi

Hennecke

Albracht

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Plant monocultures growing for extended periods face severe losses of productivity. This phenomenon, known as ‘yield decline’, is often caused by the accumulation of above- and belowground plant antagonists. The effectiveness of plant defences against antagonists might help explaining differences in yield decline among species. Using a trait-based approach, we studied the role of 20 physical and chemical defence traits of leaves and fine roots on yield decline of 18-year old monocultures of 27 grassland species. We hypothesized that yield decline is lower for species with high defences, that root defences are better predictors of yield decline than leaf defences, and that in roots, physical defences better predict yield decline than chemical defences, while the reverse is true for leaves. We additionally hypothesized that species increasing the expression of defence traits after long-term monoculture growth would suffer less yield decline. We summarized leaf and fine root defence traits using principal component analysis and analysed the relationship between defence traits mean as a measure of defence strenght and defence traits temporal changes of the most informative components and monoculture yield decline. The only significant predictors of yield decline were the mean and temporal changes of the component related to specific root length and root diameter (e.g. the so called collaboration gradient of the root economics space). The principal component analysis of the remaining traits showed strong trade-offs between defences suggesting that different plant species deploy a variety of strategies to defend themselves. This diversity of strategies could preclude the detection of a generalized correlation between the strength and temporal changes of defence gradients and yield decline. Our results show that yield decline is strongly linked to belowground processes particularly to root traits. Further studies are needed to understand the mechanism driving the effect of the collaboration gradient on yield decline.

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Section: Leaf and Fine Root Chemical Analyses And Untargeted Metabolo...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Leaf and root chemical and physical defence traits mediate monoculture yield decline in a grassland experiment

Bassi

Hennecke

Albracht

et al. 2023

Preprint

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show abstract

“…Even within a single plant individual, exudate composition may vary among various plant developmental stages (Haichar et al, 2014; Zhalnina et al, 2018). However, current knowledge of variation in root exudates is mainly based on a handful of crop species like Avena barbata (Zhalnina et al, 2018), Zea mays (Hu et al, 2018), and Triticum aestivum (Oburger et al, 2014) as well as from the model species Arabidopsis thaliana (Chaparro et al, 2013) and lately from tree species (Weinhold et al, 2022). Only recently, studies have begun focusing on root exudates of common European grassland species confirming strong species identity effects (Delory et al, 2021; Dietz et al, 2019; Herz et al, 2018; Steinauer et al, 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Root exudates and rhizosphere microbiomes jointly determine temporal shifts in plant‐soil feedbacks

Steinauer

Thakur

Hannula

et al. 2023

Plant Cell & Environment

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Plants influence numerous soil biotic factors that can alter the performance of later growing plants-defined as plant-soil feedback (PSF). Here, we investigate whether PSF effects are linked with the temporal changes in root exudate diversity and the rhizosphere microbiome of two common grassland species (Holcus lanatus and Jacobaea vulgaris). Both plant species were grown separately establishing conspecific and heterospecific soils. In the feedback phase, we determined plant biomass, measured root exudate composition, and characterised rhizosphere microbial communities weekly (eight time points). Over time, we found a strong negative conspecific PSF on J. vulgaris in its early growth phase which changed into a neutral PSF, whereas H. lanatus exhibited a more persistent negative PSF. Root exudate diversity increased considerably over time for both plant species. Rhizosphere microbial communities were distinct in conspecific and heterospecific soils and showed strong temporal patterns. Bacterial communities converged over time. Using path models, PSF effects could be linked to the temporal dynamics of root exudate diversity, whereby shifts in rhizosphere microbial diversity contributed to temporal variation in PSF to a lesser extent. Our results highlight the importance of root exudates and rhizosphere microbial communities in driving temporal changes in the strength of PSF effects.

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“…However, most studies on biodiversityproductivity relationships in forest ecosystems have focused on aboveground biomass and their production (Pretzsch, 2003;Zhang et al, 2012), with few focused on belowground processes (Ma & Chen, 2016;Peng & Chen, 2021). Of these studies, some were conducted in natural forests (Finer et al, 2017;Jing et al, 2021;Jucker et al, 2014), but many were experiments on tree plantations at the early stages of stand development (Domisch et al, 2015;Lei et al, 2012aLei et al, , 2012bSun et al, 2017;Weinhold et al, 2022). This kind of experiment under controlled homogeneous environments can offer unique insights on likely drivers of diversity but cannot capture well processes that arise from the heterogeneous state of the natural environment (Adler et al, 2011;Naeem et al, 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Species mixtures increase fine root length to support greater stand productivity in a natural boreal forest

et al. 2023

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Species mixtures have been widely reported to increase aboveground productivity; however, how tree species mixtures affect root systems in natural forests remains unclear. We hypothesize that mixtures have a greater fine root length compared to single species‐dominated stands to support their greater productivity. Here, we collected monthly root images from the minirhizotrons installed in 18 stands either dominated by Populus tremuloides, Pinus banksiana, and their mixtures for three years (2015–2017) in post‐fire boreal forests of two stand ages (8 and 34 years old) to test our hypotheses. We found that the fine root length was higher in mixtures than in single species‐dominated stands, and the magnitude of mixture effects was greater in the 34‐ than in the 8‐year‐old stands in the third year. The mixture effects on fine root length revealed a positive relationship with forest net primary productivity. Root length production, which is the growth of new roots within a year, was not affected by tree species mixtures except for the 8‐year‐old stand in 2015. Tree species mixtures did not affect root length turnover. Root length and root biomass were not significantly correlated at stand level. Synthesis. Our results show that tree species mixtures positively affect fine root length, with that positive effect increasing with stand development in the studied natural forests. Our results suggest that the greater root length in species mixtures supported the greater forest productivity in species mixtures as the greater root length benefits plant uptake of nutrients and water. Therefore, conserving tree species diversity has implications for improving forest productivity and carbon sequestration in forest ecosystems.

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Tree species richness differentially affects the chemical composition of leaves, roots and root exudates in four subtropical tree species

Abstract: This is an open access article under the terms of the Creat ive Commo ns Attri bution-NonCo mmercial License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited and is not used for commercial purposes.

Cited by 25 publications

References 98 publications

Leaf and root chemical and physical defence traits mediate monoculture yield decline in a grassland experiment

Leaf and root chemical and physical defence traits mediate monoculture yield decline in a grassland experiment

Root exudates and rhizosphere microbiomes jointly determine temporal shifts in plant‐soil feedbacks

Species mixtures increase fine root length to support greater stand productivity in a natural boreal forest

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