Tree-Ring Dating of Snow Avalanches in Glacier National Park, Montana, USA

Butler, David; Sawyer, Carol F.; Maas, Jacob A.

doi:10.1007/978-90-481-8736-2_3

Cited by 11 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…The sample size issue has constantly been raised by D.R. Butler and collaborators (Butler and Malanson, 1985b;Butler et al, 1987Butler et al, , 2010Butler and Sawyer, 2008). They concluded that the use of a threshold number to validate Avalanche Activity Index (which might change from path to path according to local conditions) is much more relevant than sample size alone, when defined according to site specificities.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…Sampling strategy; A and B according to the shape of deformed tree trunks (names of the tree forms based on Khapayev, 1978); and C: location of the 39 trees sampled randomly on the cone and along four transects across the avalanche path. Furthermore, we accept an index number of 10% as threshold, in accordance with previous studies (Dubé et al, 2004;Germain et al, 2005Germain et al, , 2010Reardon et al, 2008;Butler et al, 2010;) to consider the occurrence of an avalanche winter, only under the condition that at least two trees provide accurate signals of growth disturbances. Detection of major snow-avalanche events is based on AAI > 40%, as we do not work with an extended sample size, following advocates from previous researches (Butler and Malanson, 1985b;Butler et al, 1987;Bryant et al, 1989).…”

Section: Reconstruction Of Snow-avalanche Chronologymentioning

confidence: 94%

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A first dendrogeomorphologic approach of snow avalanche magnitude–frequency in Northern Iceland

Decaulne

Eggertsson²,

Sæmundsson

2012

Geomorphology

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Section: Reconstruction Of Snow-avalanche Chronologymentioning

confidence: 94%

A first dendrogeomorphologic approach of snow avalanche magnitude–frequency in Northern Iceland

Decaulne

Eggertsson²,

Sæmundsson

2012

Geomorphology

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“…We suggest that TRDs should be included in future applications of dendrogeomorphic methods to paleoseismology, as they have been found to extend tangentially more than a third of the circumference, and axially several tens of centimeters from a wound Schneuwly et al, 2009), and thus can be more readily obtained than scar junctures in increment cores, even for scars that have healed over completely and are not externally visible (Trappmann et al, 2013). Although their occurrence in only some species is a limitation, TRDs have been observed in response to geomorphic processes in Larix ; Picea (Schneuwly et al, 2009); Pseudotsuga (Butler et al, 2010); and Abies spp. (Bekker and Stoffel, 2013).…”

Section: Contribution To Paleoseismologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrology and hillslope processes explain spatial variation in tree‐ring responses to the 1983 earthquake at Borah Peak, Idaho, USA

Bekker

Metcalf

Harley

2018

Earth Surf Processes Landf

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Dendrogeomorphic approaches have been used to identify tree‐ring responses to earthquakes, and have the potential to contribute new paleoseismic information. However, this potential is limited by the relatively low intensity of damage from earthquakes. In this paper, we present a comparison of tree‐ring responses in multiple species to the Mw 6.9 1983 Borah Peak, Idaho earthquake across three adjacent but distinct sites with different hydrologic settings, and different types and intensities of co‐seismic mass movement. We analyzed samples from 166 trees for a broad range of growth responses, including suppressions, releases, reaction wood, and traumatic resin ducts. The proportions of trees recording growth disturbances at the sites with clear hydrologic changes and/or co‐seismic mass movement were twice as high (39–42%) as the site where these processes were less evident (19%), and probability density functions of percentage change in growth for all crossdated trees echoed these results. Growth suppressions and reaction wood were common across sites, whereas traumatic resin ducts were only associated with rockfalls and landslides at one site. Growth releases were also primarily restricted to one site, and in contrast to previous studies, most of these probably reflected direct improvements in growing conditions via documented increased flow in springs and streams, rather than the indirect influence of reduced competition via the death of neighboring trees. These results highlight the importance of site selection in dendroseismology, and particularly suggest that focusing on sites with potential co‐seismic hydrologic changes and mass movement, sampling trees with and without external evidence of earthquake impacts, and understanding the connection between responses and site conditions may facilitate greater contributions of dendrogeomorphic approaches to paleoseismology. © 2018 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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“…In addition, event dating was somehow impeded by the absence of tangential rows of traumatic resin ducts in Pinus sp.a geomorphic signature in tree rings that has proved very reliable for mass-wasting studies with Abies, Larix, Picea or Pseudotsuga (e.g. Bollschweiler et al, 2008;Stoffel and Hitz, 2008;Schneuwly et al, 2009a;Schneuwly et al, 2009b;Butler et al, 2010). Dating of past events based on reaction wood is sometimes less reliable and has to be performed with caution as well, because Pinus sp.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dendrogeomorphic dating of rockfalls on low-latitude, high-elevation slopes: Rodadero, Iztaccíhuatl volcano, Mexico

Stoffel

Bollschweiler

Vázquez-Selem

et al. 2011

Earth Surf. Process. Landforms

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Dynamics and rates of rockfalls have been repeatedly studied in mountain environments with archival records as well as lichenometric, radiocarbon or dendrogeomorphic approaches. In this study, we test the potential of conifers growing at a lowlatitude, high-elevation site as a dendrogeomorphic tool to reconstruct to calendar dates associated rockfall activity. Analysis is based on tree-ring records of Mexican mountain pine (Pinus hartwegii Lindl.) growing at timberline [~4000 m above sea level (a.s.l.)] and at the runout fringe of a north-northeast (NNE)-facing slope of the dormant Iztaccíhuatl volcano (Mexico), which is subject to frequent rockfalls. The potential and limitations of tree-ring data are demonstrated based on 67 rockfall impacts dated in the increment-ring series of 24 trees since AD 1836. While findings of this paper are site-specific, the study clearly shows the potential of dendrogeomorphic approaches in extra-Alpine, low-latitude environments and for the understanding of rockfall processes in space and time.

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Tree-Ring Dating of Snow Avalanches in Glacier National Park, Montana, USA

Cited by 11 publications

References 20 publications

A first dendrogeomorphologic approach of snow avalanche magnitude–frequency in Northern Iceland

A first dendrogeomorphologic approach of snow avalanche magnitude–frequency in Northern Iceland

Hydrology and hillslope processes explain spatial variation in tree‐ring responses to the 1983 earthquake at Borah Peak, Idaho, USA

Dendrogeomorphic dating of rockfalls on low-latitude, high-elevation slopes: Rodadero, Iztaccíhuatl volcano, Mexico

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