Tree mortality after wind disturbance differs among tree species more than among habitat types in a lowland forest in northeastern Poland

Szwagrzyk, Jerzy; Gazda, Anna; Dobrowolska, Dorota; Chećko, Ewa; Zaremba, Jakub; Tomski, Andrzej

doi:10.1016/j.foreco.2017.04.041

Cited by 17 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…At the beginning of our study, we expected that soil fertility and moisture, reflected in different habitat types, would strongly affect the regeneration processes. Indeed, the differences in abundance of natural regeneration among habitat types were significant and more pronounced than the differences in tree mortality following the windstorm (Szwagrzyk et al., ). The lowest density of natural regeneration was found in the MD habitat type, where the soils are nutrient‐rich and relatively moist (Polish National Forests database), and the results are confirmed by our analysis of Ellenberg's indicator values, but dense and tall herbaceous vegetation on the forest floor was probably a significant obstacle for the establishment of seedlings (Wohlgemuth et al., ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Similar effects have been previously recorded in other studies (Bolte et al., ; Krueger, Zenner, & Puettmann, ). Canopy openness after the windstorm also differed among habitat types: it was largest in the MD habitat, which suffered the highest mortality after the windstorm (Szwagrzyk et al., ). On the other hand, forest stands in the MD type had the lowest mortality rates after the windstorm, and the canopy closure there was higher than in the other habitats, which probably contributed to less abundant regeneration of young trees.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Then, by subtracting these diameter increments from the DBH measured in 2015, we calculated the diameters of living trees at the time of the windstorm and estimated their reconstructed BA in 2002 (Szwagrzyk et al, 2017). As a measure of the density of the remaining mature stand, we employed the sum of basal area (BA) of live trees (reconstructed for the year 2002), and as a measure of local tree mortality, we used the percentage canopy reduction (CR), which is defined by the following formula:…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…On the basis of analysis of increment cores and repeated measurements of tree DBH conducted in earlier studies (Dobrowolska, ), we estimated the diameter increments of trees between 2002 and 2015. Then, by subtracting these diameter increments from the DBH measured in 2015, we calculated the diameters of living trees at the time of the windstorm and estimated their reconstructed BA in 2002 (Szwagrzyk et al., ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…At the beginning of our study, we expected that soil fertility and moisture, reflected in different habitat types, would strongly affect the regeneration processes. Indeed, the differences in abundance of natural regeneration among habitat types were significant and more pronounced than the differences in tree mortality following the windstorm (Szwagrzyk et al, 2017). where the forest floor vegetation was less dense than in other habitats (Dobrowolska, 2015), but where the soils are poor and water shortages during the growing season can pose a serious problem for seedling survival.…”

Section: Differences Among Habitat Typesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Natural regeneration following wind disturbance increases the diversity of managed lowland forests in NE Poland

Szwagrzyk

Gazda

Dobrowolska

et al. 2018

J Vegetation Science

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Questions Are there significant differences in the density and composition of natural regeneration among habitat types? Is the abundance of regeneration higher in patches more seriously damaged by a windstorm than in patches not affected by the wind? Is the species diversity of regeneration greater than the diversity of mature trees prior to disturbance? Location Szast Protected Forest, NE Poland. Methods Throughout the Szast P.F., 111 sample plots were distributed in a regular grid 13 years after a windstorm. In plots located in disturbed forests, we measured all the canopy trees and the 30 young individuals of each size class (seedlings, short saplings and tall saplings) closest to the plot centre. In non‐disturbed patches, we measured all trees within a plot of predefined radius. For statistical analyses of differences in the diversity between mature stands and young generation, we used the Kruskal–Wallis test followed by Dunn's multiple comparison test. The relationship between the canopy layer and the young generation of trees was analysed using Spearman's rank correlation and a classic negative binomial regression. Results Natural regeneration was more abundant in the coniferous and mixed coniferous habitat types than in the mixed deciduous type. The density of young trees was negatively correlated with the basal area of the trees that survived the windstorm and was positively correlated with canopy tree mortality. After the windstorm, Pinus sylvestris lost more trees than the other species; Picea abies and Betula pendula slightly increased their share; and the species that benefited most from the disturbance was Quercus robur. In the coniferous habitat type, the species diversity of the young generation of trees was higher than the diversity of the canopy trees prior to the windstorm. Conclusions Leaving wind‐disturbed areas to natural regeneration could be a viable option for converting coniferous plantations into more diverse and species‐rich stands.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…At the beginning of our study, we expected that soil fertility and moisture, reflected in different habitat types, would strongly affect the regeneration processes. Indeed, the differences in abundance of natural regeneration among habitat types were significant and more pronounced than the differences in tree mortality following the windstorm (Szwagrzyk et al, 2017). where the forest floor vegetation was less dense than in other habitats (Dobrowolska, 2015), but where the soils are poor and water shortages during the growing season can pose a serious problem for seedling survival.…”

Section: Differences Among Habitat Typesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Natural regeneration following wind disturbance increases the diversity of managed lowland forests in NE Poland

Szwagrzyk

Gazda

Dobrowolska

et al. 2018

J Vegetation Science

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Damage by typhoon Hato compared among three different plant communities in Macau, China

Yi,

Ye,

Wang

et al. 2023

Ecology and Evolution

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Tropical cyclones are among the major climatic disasters threatening human survival and development. They are also responsible in part for forest taxonomic composition and dynamics and may lead to catastrophic succession between ecosystems. In this study, we aimed to investigate the extensiveness and severity of the effect caused by Typhoon Hato among the three primary plant communities in Macau, China, including Guia Hill, Taipa Grande, and Ka Ho. The plants' damage was classified into seven categories, ranging from Degree 6, which represents the most severe damage, to Degree 0, which represents almost no damage. The impact of Typhoon Hato was evaluated at different levels, including sample plots, species, DBH, and community structure. Our results show that the sub‐climax community of Guia Hill was most disturbed, with the highest damage index (DI) of 55.28%. Similarly, the Ka Ho shoreline shrub community was also considerably influenced, with a DI of 48.14%. By contrast, the managed secondary forest around Taipa Grande was the least affected, with a DI of 32.66%. Additionally, from the tree layer perspective, the tall trees at Guia Hill canopy layer were directly affected by wind, while the dense understory layer suffered from severe secondary damage due to the fallen trees and branches. For Taipa Grande, the dominant species in the canopy layer were shorter and had less direct damage; the secondary damage was also small as a consequence. Ka Ho had more dwarfed and multibranched species surviving from the sea breeze since Ka Ho was close to the sea. The dense plant structure in Ka Ho protected plants from being easily broken by typhoons, but some twigs and leaves were lost. Some less damaged local species and easily recovered species found in this study could inform the selection of wind‐resistant species for the typhoon‐affected communities.

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Role of environmental filtering and seed source availability in natural regeneration processes following large-scale disturbances in mountain forests

et al. 2021

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The relative importance of environmental factors and species pool in natural regeneration processes is still intensively disputed. Is environmental filtering especially important for species with higher requirements for temperature and soil fertility? Is the seed source limitation especially pronounced among tree species with lower dispersal abilities? Trees, seedlings and saplings measurements were conducted in 600 plots of 0.05 ha distributed in a regular grid in the Tatra Mountains (elevation range 817–1797 m a.s.l.). Boosted regression trees were used to analyse the relationships between the numbers of young trees, factors acting as environmental filters and the potential seed source availability. The most important factor affecting the distribution of young trees of most species was elevation; bedrock type was the second most important factor for Acer pseudoplatanus, while potential solar radiation was important for Sorbus aucuparia. The relationship between the presence of mature trees and abundance of young ones was strong in Fagus sylvatica, moderately strong in A. pseudoplatanus, and weak in Picea abies, Abies alba and S. aucuparia. The role of environmental factors in shaping the abundance of young trees varies strongly among species, while the seed source availability is very important for large-seeded trees.

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Tree mortality after wind disturbance differs among tree species more than among habitat types in a lowland forest in northeastern Poland

Cited by 17 publications

References 44 publications

Natural regeneration following wind disturbance increases the diversity of managed lowland forests in NE Poland

Natural regeneration following wind disturbance increases the diversity of managed lowland forests in NE Poland

Damage by typhoon Hato compared among three different plant communities in Macau, China

Role of environmental filtering and seed source availability in natural regeneration processes following large-scale disturbances in mountain forests

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