Tree management and environmental conditions affect coffee (Coffea arabica L.) bean quality

Abstract

Coffees with specific taste and quality fetch higher prices. Although coffee plays a dominant role in the Ethiopian national economy, the country's coffee industry is generally characterized by low productivity and low quality. To address this issue, this study analysed the interactive effect of shade and nitrogen supply, fruit thinning and genotype by environment interactions on different coffee quality attributes. Organoleptic bean quality attributes declined with increase in radiation when nitrogen supply was limiting. In the absence of nitrogen limitation, however, the quality attributes hardly responded to radiation levels. In full sun, nitrogen had no effect on size and weight of coffee beans. Nitrogen supply improved bean size and weight at lower radiation levels. Fruit thinning and higher altitude significantly improved beverage quality, size and weight of coffee beans. Thinning beyond 50%, however, did not further improve the quality attributes. Effects of shade, nitrogen, fruit load and altitude are consistent with the proposition that organoleptic quality and the size of coffee beans are promoted by factors and conditions that support non-limiting supply of resources for beans to grow and by a sufficiently long period of maturation. Quality attributes did not differ much between varieties suggesting that crop management and growing environments may be more important determinants of quality than the genetic factors.

Atribut Mutu Empat Kultivar Kopi Arabika pada Ketinggian Tempat Tumbuh dan Metode Pengolahan yang Berbeda

“…Penelitian pengaruh perbedaan faktor genetik (perbedaan kultivar) dan faktor lingkungan terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman kopi telah banyak dilakukan. Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa faktor genetik dan sebagian faktor lingkungan tumbuh, seperti ketinggian tempat tumbuh, baik dalam bentuk faktor tunggal maupun interaksinya, merupakan faktor yang berpengaruh nyata terhadap produksi, mutu fisik dan kimia biji, serta mutu seduhan kopi (DaMatta, Ronchi, Maestri, & Barros, 2007;Kathurima, Gichimu, Kenji, Muhoho, & Boulanger, 2009;Barbosa et al, 2012;Sualeh, Endris, & Mohammed, 2014;Towaha, Aunillah, Purwanto, & Supriadi, 2014;Randriani & Wardiana, 2015;Towaha, Purwanto, & Supriadi, 2015;Ferreira, Queiroz, Silvac, Tomaz, & Corrêa, 2016;Toledo, Pezza, Pezza, & Toci, 2016;Bote & Jan, 2017).…”

Morphological Variations of Robusta Coffee As a Response to Different Altitude in Lampung

“…These may, furthermore, contribute to the complexity of factors determining coffee growth. The complexity of various factors to influence the morphology character of coffee in specific environmental condition has been suggested (De Camargo, 2010;Bote & Vos, 2017;Workie & Debella, 2018). Their level is getting higher as a response to environment also depending on the growth stage of coffee (Adams et al, 2001;Cheng et al, 2016).…”

“…It is suggested that this variation may be resulted from the inseparable factor, i.e. environmental conditions, agronomic practices, and crop genotypes (Wintgens, 2004;Bosselman et al, 2009;De Camargo, 2010;Bote & Vos, 2017;Workie & Debella, 2018), as all these processes may work together to determine coffee characteristics in different sites.…”

“…This may express a significant difference of seed characteristics between accessions 8 and 11 (Figure 4). The existence of different type of coffee seeds may relate some factors attributable to the variation in environment, agronomic practices and crop genotype (Bosselman et al, 2009;De Camargo, 2010;Bote & Vos, 2017;Workie & Debella, 2018). As plots at the same space and direction to WOF, it is suggested that Ns contributes more to coffee yield than Ss.…”

“…Their crucial role for both vegetative growth and yield of coffee has been discussed (Wintgens, 2004;Bosselman et al, 2009). Yet, a specific climatic condition may otherwise limit their potential contribution to crops (Bote & Vos, 2017). This paper aimed at providing a discussion related to variational morphology characteristics of superior Robusta coffee clones collected from Lampung subject to various environmental conditions, e.g.…”