Tree inhabiting gnomoniaceous species from China, with Cryphogonomonia gen. nov. proposed

Abstract

<jats:p>Species of Gnomoniaceae are commonly associated with leaf spot diseases of a wide range of plant hosts worldwide. During our investigation of fungi associated with tree diseases in China, several gnomoniaceous isolates were recovered from symptomatic branches and leaves on different woody plants in the Fagaceae, Pinaceae, and Salicaceae families. These isolates were studied by applying a polyphasic approach including morphological, cultural data, and phylogenetic analyses of partial ITS, LSU, <jats:italic>tef1</jats:italic>, <jats:italic>rpb2</jats:italic> and <jats:italic>tub2</jats:italic> gene sequences. As a result, three species were identified with characters fitting into the family Gnomoniaceae. One of these species is described herein as <jats:italic>Cryphognomonia pini</jats:italic><jats:bold>gen. et sp. nov.</jats:bold>, characterized by developed pseudostromata and ascospores with obvious hyaline sheath; <jats:italic>Gnomoniopsis xunwuensis</jats:italic><jats:bold>sp. nov.</jats:bold> is illustrated showing sympodially branched conidiophore, oval or fusiform conidia; and one known species, <jats:italic>Plagiostoma populinum</jats:italic>. The current study improves the understanding of gnomoniaceous species causing diebacks and leaf spot on ecological and economic forest trees.</jats:p>

Morphology and Phylogeny of Gnomoniopsis (Gnomoniaceae, Diaporthales) from Fagaceae Leaves in China

“…Species of Gnomoniopsis are currently known to inhabit only members of three plant families as hosts, viz. Fagaceae, Onagraceae and Rosaceae [20][21][22][23][24].…”

“…Meanwhile, a different species named G. chinensis was reported to cause Chinese chestnut branch canker [29]. Later, Yang et al described G. xunwuensis from leaf spots of Castanopsis fissa in China [24]. Since three Fagaceae-inhabiting species from China are now only known in the asexual morph, it is hard to separate them based on only morphological characters [23,24,29].…”

“…Later, Yang et al described G. xunwuensis from leaf spots of Castanopsis fissa in China [24]. Since three Fagaceae-inhabiting species from China are now only known in the asexual morph, it is hard to separate them based on only morphological characters [23,24,29]. Hence, it is necessary to conduct phylogenetic analyses in order to recognize and identify the species [29].…”

Micromelanconis kaihuiae gen. et sp. nov., a new diaporthalean fungus from Chinese chestnut branches in southern China

“…1), and differed from the other Melanconis-like genera by its long dumbbell-shaped conidia formed on PDA plates. Hosts are useful taxonomic information in some families of Diaporthales, such as Coryneaceae, Cryphonectriaceae, Erythrogloeaceae and Gnomoniaceae (Voglmayr et al 2012;Jaklitsch and Voglmayr 2019;Roux et al 2020;Wang et al 2020;Yang et al 2020). Hosts are important to separate Melanconis-like genera, Juglanconis inhabit Juglans and Pterocarya of Juglandaceae, Melanconiella and Melanconis occur only on the plant family Betulaceae (Voglmayr et al 2012(Voglmayr et al , 2017(Voglmayr et al , 2019Fan et al 2018b;Jaklitsch and Voglmayr 2020).…”

“…Diaporthales, a species-rich order within Sordariomycetes of Ascomycota, is characterized by perithecia with elongate beaks, often forming within stromatic tissues, deliquescent paraphyses, and asci that have a refractive apical annulus (Barr 1978;Rossman et al 2007;Senanayake et al 2017Senanayake et al , 2018Fan et al 2018a;Jiang et al 2020a). Species of this order inhabit a variety of substrates, including plants, soil, even living animal tissues (Barr 1978;Castlebury et al 2002;Sogonov et al 2008;Yang et al 2020). Most of them are pathogens associated with plant diseases, and the rest are endophytes in healthy plants or saprobes on dead tissues (Crous et al 2012a;Chen et al 2016;Norphanphoun et al 2018;Jiang et al 2019d;Xavier et al 2019;Zhu et al 2020;Yang et al 2021).…”