Tree cavities and associated vertebrate fauna in a coniferous forest of Dhirkot, Azad Jammu and Kashmir part of Pakistan

Hussaın, Iftikhar; Abbasi, Sajid; Mirza, Sarwat N.; Anwar, Maqsood; Rais, Muhammad; Mahmood, Tariq

doi:10.3906/zoo-1209-32

Cited by 7 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 33 publications

(33 reference statements)

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“…Similar result were found in a tropical forest of Costa Rica (Boyle et al 2008) and in Canadian forests (Aitken & Martin 2007, Boyle et al 2008. In contrast, Hussain et al (2013) found 59% of cavities in dead trees in a coniferous forest of Pakistan, and Walankiewicz et al (2011) recorded the threefourth of cavities in snags of coniferous forests in the Białowieża National Park (Poland). In summary, the proportion of cavities found in living trees vs. snags seems to be dependent on stand type, as well as on the wood characteristics of the tree species (softness/hardness).…”

Section: Characteristic Of Cavity Treessupporting

confidence: 59%

“…Cavities in trees are an important ecological resource as nesting sites or shelters for many birds, small mammals, reptiles and other organisms (Tidemann & Flavel 1987, Carlson et al 1998, Yanovlak 2001, Hussain et al 2013. Worldwide, 10 to 40% of birds and mammals are cavity-dependent species (Cockle et al 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, in natural or semi-natural old growth forests it has demonstrated that a surplus of tree cavities exist and secondary cavity nesters are not usually limited by shortage of cavities (Edington & Edington 1972, Waters et al 1990, Walankiewicz 1991, Carlson et al 1998, Bai et al 2003. The age, species and size of trees have a primary role in defining the abundance and distribution of tree cavities (Wesołowski 2011, 2012, Hussain et al 2013.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although tree cavities are critical component of forest ecosystems worldwide, they have been mostly investigated in Europe and North America (Carlson et al 1998, Aitken & Martin 2004, Cockle et al 2011, Remm & Lõhmus 2011, Wesołowski 2012, while little is known about their characteristics and occupancy rate in Asia (Bai et al 2003, Hussain et al 2013, where forests often harbor a very diverse assemblages of woodpeckers (Lammertink 2004, Mikusiński 2006, Kumar et al 2011) and likely a different community of cavity dependent organisms. As in other parts of the world, the maintenance of biological diversity is a major objective of the Nepal's protected areas, including the renowned Chitwan National Park located in the subtropical lowland region.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Availability of tree cavities in a sal forest of Nepal

Bhusal¹,

Czeszczewik²,

Walankiewicz³

et al. 2016

iForest

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(6-7)Tree cavities are important structural elements of forest ecosystem that host numerous birds, mammals and other cavity-dependent organisms. Pattern of cavity distribution in temperate and boreal forests are relatively well studied, yet little is known about cavities in tropical and subtropical forests. We compared cavity availability in relation to tree condition (living tree and snag), tree species and DBH class between two different sites in a subtropical deciduous sal forest in Nepal: the Chitwan National Park Forest (the park site) and the Khorsor Buffer Zone Forest (the buffer site). Surveys for tree cavities were conducted in 2013 on 50 circular sample plots of size 0.1 ha. We recorded 40 cavity trees in the park site and 31 cavity trees in the buffer site. Density of cavities was on average 22.4 ha -1 in the park site and 19.2 ha -1 in the buffer site. Cavities occurred mostly in living trees (85.9% cavity trees) and were formed mostly by damage and decay (natural cavities: 74%) or by woodpecker activity (excavated cavities: 26%). Most were observed on three tree species: Shorea robusta, Dillenia pentagyna and Syzygium operculatum, with a mean diameter of 43 cm (range: 12-111 cm). S. operculatum, Myrsine semiserrata and Semecarpus anacardium were overrepresented among tree species with cavities. In snags, 25.0% of all cavities were found in the park site and 8.3% in the buffer site, while snags represented 4.2% and 2.2% of all trees in the two sites, respectively. Statistical anaysis indicated that tree species, tree condition and particularly diameter (DBH) were important variables for the prediction of cavity presence. We recommend cavity-bearing tree species to be better protected by forest management in order to help maintain the community of cavity dwellers.

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Section: Characteristic Of Cavity Treessupporting

confidence: 59%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Availability of tree cavities in a sal forest of Nepal

Bhusal¹,

Czeszczewik²,

Walankiewicz³

et al. 2016

iForest

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“…Brook's gecko or Barani chipkali (Hemidactylus brookii) is one of the oftenfound wall geckos inhabiting urban habitat in most countries of its range and has a high density (20 individuals) in the studied area as compared to population in a coniferous forest (2 individuals) of Dhirkot, Azad Jammu and Kashmir (Hussain et al, 2013).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Distribution of Reptiles in Tolipir National Park, Pakistan

2018

J. Bioresource Manage.

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Reptiles are the most diverse group under the category of land vertebrates. The reptile population of Tolipir National Park was surveyed from February 2013 to September 2013. The topography of this area supports a diverse plethora of vegetation that provides an ideal habitat to a host of reptiles. Random sampling of 52 quadrates was carried out. Twelve species of reptiles were recorded. The recorded species included CITES listed (Appendix II) endangered species Naja oxiana and Laudakia agrorensis.

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