Treatments of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Toxoplasma gondii with Selenium Nanoparticles

Abstract

Toxoplasma gondii and Mycobacterium tuberculosis are pathogens that are harmful to humans. When these diseases interact in humans, the result is typically fatal to the public health. Several investigations on the relationship between M. tuberculosis and T. gondii infections have found that there is a strong correlation between them with each infection having a reciprocal effect on the other. TB may contribute to the reactivation of innate toxoplasmosis or enhance susceptibility to a new infection, and toxoplasma co-infection may worsen the severity of pulmonary tuberculosis. As a consequence, there is an earnest and urgent necessity to generate novel therapeutics that can subdue these challenges. Selenium nanostructures’ compelling properties have been shown to be a successful treatment for Mycobacterium TB and Toxoplasma gondii. Despite the fact that selenium (Se) offers many health advantages for people, it also has a narrow therapeutic window; therefore, consuming too much of either inorganic or organic compounds based on selenium can be hazardous. Compared to both inorganic and organic Se, Se nanoparticles (SeNPs) are less hazardous. They are biocompatible and excellent in selectively targeting specific cells. As a consequence, this review conducted a summary of the efficacy of biogenic Se NPs in the treatment of tuberculosis (TB) and toxoplasmosis. Mycobacterium tuberculosis , Toxoplasma gondii , and their co-infection were all briefly described.

Evaluation of biological selenium nanoparticles on growth performance, histopathology of vital organs and genotoxicity in Japanese quails ( coturnix coturnix japonica)

“…In comparison to other selenium species, Se-NPs exhibit potent anticancer efficacy with fewer associated toxicity issues (Ifijen et al. 2023 ). In the context of current growth performance, especially FCR, Se-NPs at low doses (0.2 mg/kg) have demonstrated a higher growth rate than the control and high-dose groups.…”

Influenza A Virus Weakens the Immune Response of Mice to Toxoplasma gondii, Thereby Aggravating T. gondii Infection

“…CD4 + T cells are critical for the induction of primary CD8 + T cell response [ 27 ]. If there are no CD4 + T cells, helpless CD8 + T cells upon re-stimulation undergo activation-induced cell death and memory response is severely impeded [ 28 ]. CD8 + T cell immunity generated in the absence of CD4 + T cells cannot be maintained and responds poorly to secondary challenges [ 29 ].…”

An Insight into Advances in Developing Nanotechnology Based Therapeutics, Drug Delivery, Diagnostics and Vaccines: Multidimensional Applications in Tuberculosis Disease Management

“…Nanoparticles have demonstrated effective treatments and encouraging results for TB treatment due to several advantages over conventional therapy [75][76][77][78] (Figure 2). Numerous types of nanocarriers have been effective in drug delivery systems for a wide range of administration methods [79][80][81][82][83][84].…”