Treatments and Predictors of Mortality for Carbapenem-Resistant Gram-Negative Bacilli Infections in Malaysia: A Retrospective Cohort Study

Abubakar, Usman; Zulkarnain, Amni Izzati; Kamarudin, Norhidayah; Elrggal, Mahmoud E.; Elnaem, Mohamed Hassan; Harun, Sabariah Noor

doi:10.3390/tropicalmed7120415

Cited by 10 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 45 publications

(54 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…In a study from Jordan, tigecycline and colistin also had the lowest resistance rates of A. baumannii ; however, 76.8% of isolates were MDR and 99% were carbapenem-resistant [ 32 ]. In the Asian country Malaysia, colistin was the most commonly used antibiotic for carbapenem-resistant A. baumannii isolates [ 33 ]. Alarming results, which are different from ours, came from Egypt where the colistin resistance was up to 20% [ 34 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Occurrence of Multidrug-Resistant Strains of Acinetobacter spp.: An Emerging Threat for Nosocomial-Borne Infection in Najran Region, KSA

et al. 2023

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Multidrug-resistant strains are frequent causes of nosocomial infections. The majority of nosocomial infections, particularly in critical care units (ICU), have been linked to A. baumannii, which has major clinical significance. The current paper attempts to identify the potential risk and prognosis factors for acquiring an infection due to A. baumannii compared to that of other nosocomial bacteria. In our study, we employed antibiotics generally prescribed for the initial course of treatment such as colistin, meropenem, amikacin, trimethoprime-sulfamethoxazole, levofloxacin, gentamicin, ciprofloxacin, and piperacillin-tazobactam. We found that the isolated A. baumannii were resistant at a high rate to meropenem, piperacillin–tazobactam, amikacin, levofloxacin, and ciprofloxacin, while they were partially susceptible to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. Our study revealed that A. baumannii was most susceptible to gentamicin and colistin at 85.8% and 92.9%, respectively, whereas the combination of colistin and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole was 100% active. The patients were the primary source of infection with A. baumannii, followed by inanimate objects present in the ICU and hospital premises, and then the hospital staff who were taking care of the ICU patients. Gentamicin and colistin were the most sensitive antibiotics; of the 13 tested in total, the rate of drug resistance was above 50%. The very high rate of antibiotic resistance is alarming.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Occurrence of Multidrug-Resistant Strains of Acinetobacter spp.: An Emerging Threat for Nosocomial-Borne Infection in Najran Region, KSA

et al. 2023

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Globally, antibiotic resistance is associated with mortality and deaths attributed to infections caused by antibiotic resistant pathogens is projected to reach 10 million deaths per year by the year 2050 [ 2 ]. Infections caused by multidrug resistant pathogens are associated with high mortality rate [ 3 , 4 ]. The COVID-19 pandemic has caused an increase in the rate of multidrug resistant gram positive and gram-negative pathogens which escalates the burden of antibiotic resistance [ 5 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The COVID-19 pandemic has caused an increase in the rate of multidrug resistant gram positive and gram-negative pathogens which escalates the burden of antibiotic resistance [ 5 ]. Antibiotic resistant pathogens are associated with both hospital and community acquired infections [ 3 , 4 , 6 ]. Antibiotic resistance is a consequence of the overuse, underuse, or misuse of antibiotics [ 1 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Awareness, practices and perceptions of community pharmacists towards antimicrobial resistance and antimicrobial stewardship in Libya: a cross-sectional study

Al-Shami

Abubakar

Hussein

et al. 2023

J of Pharm Policy and Pract

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background Community pharmacists play a vital role in promoting appropriate use of antibiotics in the community. This study evaluated the practices and perceptions of community pharmacists towards antibiotic use, antibiotic resistance, and antimicrobial stewardship in Libya. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted among community pharmacists in Libya using a 47-item validated, pre-tested online questionnaire. Data was collected from December 2021 to February 2022 and was analysed using descriptive and inferential analyses. Results Of the 114 questionnaires included in the analysis, 54.4% were females, 78.1% had < 10 year working experience (78.1%), and 81.6% had a Bachelor of Pharmacy. Most (78.1%) strongly agreed/agreed that community pharmacists have an important role to play to reduce antibiotic resistance. Overall, the participants had a moderate perception towards antimicrobial resistance (median score: 21.5; IQR [16–28] out of 35.0). More than 40% supply antibiotics when patients requested them specifically, because if they do not supply them, patients will just go to another pharmacy. About 47% strongly agreed/agreed that if a patient cannot afford a full course of antibiotics all in one go, they will give them a smaller amount that they are able to afford at that time, even when a longer duration of treatment is required. Most (66.7%) had no previous involvement in antibiotics awareness campaign due to ‘I have never heard about the campaign’ (48.7%) and ‘I do not have enough time to participate’ (22.4%). Overall, the perception towards antimicrobial stewardship was good (20 [13–25] out of 25.0). Raising awareness of rational antibiotic use, including antimicrobial resistance, among pharmacy students (83.4%) and patient education by pharmacists in community pharmacies at the time medicines are supplied to patients (81.6%) were the most common strategies to improve rational use of antibiotics in community pharmacy. Conclusions Community pharmacists in Libya recognise their role in reducing antimicrobial resistance. They had a moderate perception towards antimicrobial resistance and a good perception towards antimicrobial stewardship. However, inappropriate antibiotic practices were common. The most common strategies to improve rational use of antibiotics in community pharmacy were raising awareness about the rational antibiotic use among pharmacy students and patient education by community pharmacists at the time antibiotics are dispensed to patients. Regulations are needed to restrict dispensing antibiotics without prescription among community pharmacists.

show abstract

“…It threatens the use of antibiotics for the prevention of infections due to surgery, dialysis, and chemotherapy [ 4 ]. Infections caused by multidrug-resistant pathogens are associated with high mortality rate [ 5 , 6 ] and significant morbidity and healthcare costs [ 3 ]. Infections caused by resistant pathogens, especially the multidrug-resistant pathogens, are difficult to treat due to limited number of effective antibiotics [ 6 , 7 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Infections caused by multidrug-resistant pathogens are associated with high mortality rate [ 5 , 6 ] and significant morbidity and healthcare costs [ 3 ]. Infections caused by resistant pathogens, especially the multidrug-resistant pathogens, are difficult to treat due to limited number of effective antibiotics [ 6 , 7 ]. Infections due to antibiotic-resistant pathogens cause an estimated 700,000 deaths per year, and this was estimated to increase to about 10 million deaths per year by the year 2050 [ 8 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antibiotic Use Among Hospitalized Patients in Africa: A Systematic Review of Point Prevalence Studies

Abubakar

Salman

2023

J. Racial and Ethnic Health Disparities

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background There is paucity of data describing the rate and quality indices of antibiotics used among hospitalized patients at continental level in Africa. This systematic review evaluated the pooled prevalence, indications, and types of antibiotics used in hospitals across Africa. Methods Three electronic databases, PubMed, Scopus, and African Journals Online (AJOL), were searched using search terms. Point prevalence studies of antibiotic use in inpatient settings published in English language from January 2010 to November 2022 were considered for selection. Additional articles were identified by checking the reference list of selected articles. Results Of the 7254 articles identified from the databases, 28 eligible articles involving 28 studies were selected. Most of the studies were from Nigeria (n = 9), Ghana (n = 6), and Kenya (n = 4). Overall, the prevalence of antibiotic use among hospitalized patients ranged from 27.6 to 83.5% with higher prevalence in West Africa (51.4–83.5%) and North Africa (79.1%) compared to East Africa (27.6–73.7%) and South Africa (33.6–49.7%). The ICU (64.4–100%; n = 9 studies) and the pediatric medical ward (10.6–94.6%; n = 13 studies) had the highest prevalence of antibiotic use. Community-acquired infections (27.7–61.0%; n = 19 studies) and surgical antibiotic prophylaxis (SAP) (14.6–45.3%; n = 17 studies) were the most common indications for antibiotic use. The duration of SAP was more than 1 day in 66.7 to 100% of the cases. The most commonly prescribed antibiotics included ceftriaxone (7.4–51.7%; n = 14 studies), metronidazole (14.6–44.8%; n = 12 studies), gentamicin (n = 8 studies; range: 6.6–22.3%), and ampicillin (n = 6 studies; range: 6.0–29.2%). The access, watch, and reserved group of antibiotics accounted for 46.3–97.9%, 1.8–53.5%, and 0.0–5.0% of antibiotic prescriptions, respectively. The documentation of the reason for antibiotic prescription and date for stop/review ranged from 37.3 to 100% and 19.6 to 100%, respectively. Conclusion The point prevalence of antibiotic use among hospitalized patients in Africa is relatively high and varied between the regions in the continent. The prevalence was higher in the ICU and pediatric medical ward compared to the other wards. Antibiotics were most commonly prescribed for community-acquired infections and for SAP with ceftriaxone, metronidazole, and gentamicin being the most common antibiotics prescribed. Antibiotic stewardship is recommended to address excessive use of SAP and to reduce high rate of antibiotic prescribing in the ICU and pediatric ward.

show abstract

Treatments and Predictors of Mortality for Carbapenem-Resistant Gram-Negative Bacilli Infections in Malaysia: A Retrospective Cohort Study

Cited by 10 publications

References 45 publications

Occurrence of Multidrug-Resistant Strains of Acinetobacter spp.: An Emerging Threat for Nosocomial-Borne Infection in Najran Region, KSA

Occurrence of Multidrug-Resistant Strains of Acinetobacter spp.: An Emerging Threat for Nosocomial-Borne Infection in Najran Region, KSA

Awareness, practices and perceptions of community pharmacists towards antimicrobial resistance and antimicrobial stewardship in Libya: a cross-sectional study

Antibiotic Use Among Hospitalized Patients in Africa: A Systematic Review of Point Prevalence Studies

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About