Treatment with steroid hormones and morphine alters general activity, sexual behavior, and opioid gene expression in female rats

Teodorov, Elizabeth; Camarini, Rosana; Bernardi, Maria Martha; Felício, Luciano Freitas

doi:10.1016/j.lfs.2014.03.021

Cited by 6 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 54 publications

(61 reference statements)

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“…In the male, β-END is involved in the regulatory control of testosterone, via luteinizing hormone (LH) and gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) mechanisms. The effects are mainly inhibitory [ 132 , 134 – 137 ]. The details of the observed effects were, however, complex [ 131 , 133 , 138 ], rather variable, for instance those on ejaculation latencies and of naloxone [ 134 , 139 – 142 ].…”

Section: Behavioral Regulation By β-Endorphinmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the female, β-END mainly has an inhibitory effect on receptivity, lordosis behavior and reproduction [ 40 , 132 , 186 – 193 ]. This inhibition occurs via the GnRH system in the medial preoptic area, which receives numerous β-END contacts [ 137 , 193 – 211 ], as well as via additional μ-receptive MPOA neurons [ 137 , 168 , 212 – 217 ]. Obviously, the inhibitory effects are estrogen-dependent [ 168 , 193 , 218 – 222 ], but additional neuroactive substances are also involved in its regulatory control, like neuropeptide Y (NPY), GAL, serotonin (5-HT) and GABA [ 168 , 195 , 223 , 224 ].…”

Section: Behavioral Regulation By β-Endorphinmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The effects of Beta-Endorphin: state change modification

Veening

Barendregt

2015

Fluids Barriers CNS

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Beta-endorphin (β-END) is an opioid neuropeptide which has an important role in the development of hypotheses concerning the non-synaptic or paracrine communication of brain messages. This kind of communication between neurons has been designated volume transmission (VT) to differentiate it clearly from synaptic communication. VT occurs over short as well as long distances via the extracellular space in the brain, as well as via the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) flowing through the ventricular spaces inside the brain and the arachnoid space surrounding the central nervous system (CNS). To understand how β-END can have specific behavioral effects, we use the notion behavioral state, inspired by the concept of machine state, coming from Turing (Proc London Math Soc, Series 2,42:230-265, 1937). In section 1.4 the sequential organization of male rat behavior is explained showing that an animal is not free to switch into another state at any given moment. Funneling-constraints restrict the number of possible behavioral transitions in specific phases while at other moments in the sequence the transition to other behavioral states is almost completely open. The effects of β-END on behaviors like food intake and sexual behavior, and the mechanisms involved in reward, meditation and pain control are discussed in detail. The effects on the sequential organization of behavior and on state transitions dominate the description of these effects.

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Section: Behavioral Regulation By β-Endorphinmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Behavioral Regulation By β-Endorphinmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effects of Beta-Endorphin: state change modification

Veening

Barendregt

2015

Fluids Barriers CNS

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“…Specifically, mRNA expression of genes coding the MOR and kappa opioid receptors (ORPM1 and OPRK1, respectively) may be estrogen-dependent, though this finding did not extend to the gene that codes for the delta opioid receptor (OPRD1) (Cruz et al, 2015). Chronic morphine treatment also increases both ORPM1 and MOR protein expression in the striatum of female rats whose ovaries have been removed (Teodorov, Camarini, Bernardi, & Felicio, 2014). Notably, chronic morphine and methadone treatment do not influence central nervous system uptake of estradiol (Sheridan, 1978) or androgen-receptor binding (Sheridan & Buchanan, 1980), suggesting that hormonal effects on the opioid system are related to changes in opioid receptor density rather than changes in hormone-receptor binding.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Systematic review of sex-based differences in opioid-based effects

Huhn

Berry

Dunn

2018

International Review of Psychiatry

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Background: There are several biological factors that might play a role in physiological response to opioids and/or the onset of problematic opioid use; however, sex-based differences in non-analgesic opioid-based effects are poorly understood. The goal of this review is to provide a current analysis of the preclinical literature on sex-based differences in response to endogenous and exogenous opioids, including the interplay between sex hormones and opioid receptor-mediated neuronal activity and associated behaviors. Methods: A systematic search was performed on the following terms within PubMed between March and April of 2018: “opioid estrogen” “opioid progesterone” “opioid estradiol” “opioid testosterone”. Results: Preclinical research on the non-analgesic, sex-based effects of opioids is disparate, both in terms of methodology and outcomes, which prohibits a cohesive summary of the results. Themes from the preclinical literature suggest that opioid receptor binding, coupling, and density vary as a function of hormone exposure. Findings also suggest that interactions between endogenous opioid and stress systems may differ between males and females as a function of ovarian hormones. Conclusions: Given the current opioid-related public health crisis, there is a pressing need to increase systematic preclinical and clinical research on sex-based differences in opioid-effects and opioid use disorder.

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“…Studies have shown that the restoration of reproductive behavior and changes in gene expression in OVX rats occur within 7 days of continuous estrogen replacement, supporting the procedure used in the present study with regard to the hormonal depletion protocol followed by replacement. The doses of morphine and estrogen hormones used in this study were previously validated in our laboratory and standardized for behavioral and molecular analyses (Teodorov et al 2006 , 2011 , 2014 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The analgesic activity of these receptors has been observed in the spinal cord and brainstem. In regions of the striatum and hypothalamus, they appear to modulate motor and reproductive function, respectively (Hammer et al 1994 ; Teodorov et al 2006 , 2014 ; Miranda-Paiva et al 2007 ; Yim et al 2006 ; Sukikara et al 2006 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of steroid hormones and morphine treatment in the modulation of opioid receptor gene expression in brain structures in the female rat

et al. 2015

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This study determined the effects of acute treatment with morphine on the expression of the Oprm1, Oprk1, and Oprd1 genes (which encode μ, κ, and δ receptors, respectively) in the striatum, hypothalamus, and periaqueductal gray (PAG) in ovariectomized female rats treated with estrogen. Ovariectomized female rats were divided into five equal groups. Two groups received estrogen (50 µg/kg, 54 h before testing) and saline (ES group) or 3.5 mg/kg morphine (EM group) 2 h before euthanasia. The SS group received saline solution 54 and 2 h before the experiments. The SM group received saline 54 h and 3.5 mg/kg morphine 2 h before the experiments. The W group remained undisturbed. The genes expression were evaluated. Oprm1 and Oprk1 expression were activated, respectively, in the hypothalamus and PAG and in the striatum and PAG by morphine only in estrogen-treated animals. Oprd1 expression in the hypothalamus and PAG was activated by morphine in both estrogen-treated and -nontreated animals. The Oprm1 and Oprk1 gene response to morphine might depend on estrogen, whereas the Oprd1 gene response to morphine might not depend on estrogen, supporting the hypothesis of a functional role for ovarian hormones in opioid receptor-mediated functional adaptations in the female brain.

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Treatment with steroid hormones and morphine alters general activity, sexual behavior, and opioid gene expression in female rats

Cited by 6 publications

References 54 publications

The effects of Beta-Endorphin: state change modification

The effects of Beta-Endorphin: state change modification

Systematic review of sex-based differences in opioid-based effects

Role of steroid hormones and morphine treatment in the modulation of opioid receptor gene expression in brain structures in the female rat

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