Treatment with drugs to lower blood pressure and blood cholesterol based on an individual's absolute cardiovascular risk

Blood pressure and thermal responses to repeated whole body cold exposure: effect of winter clothing

“…Cold exposure is known to increase blood pressure by activation of the sympathetic nervous system (Young 1996). Since elevated blood pressure is a major risk factor for a range of cardiovascular diseases (Jackson et al 2005;Kim et al 2003), it seems reasonable to explore how environmental exposure affects blood pressure both experimentally and on the population level.…”

Associations between environmental exposure and blood pressure among participants in the Oslo Health Study (HUBRO)

“…It is, for instance, well known that smokers are at increased risk of developing cardiovascular diseases [1][2][3][4]. It is also known that exposure to both high and low outdoor temperatures increase the risk of dying from these diseases, in particular from myocardial infarction [5][6][7][8][9][10][11].…”

“…One mechanism could be that these exposures act on the cardiovascular system by elevating blood pressure. Since elevated blood pressure is a strong risk factor for the development of cardiovascular diseases [1] it seems reasonable to explore how environmental exposures affect blood pressure both experimentally and on the population level as it could contribute to the understanding of the biological mechanisms for how the environment affects human health.…”

The Importance of Managing Hypertension and Dyslipidemia to Decrease Cardiovascular Disease

“…In the presence of CVD or target-organ damage, only nine patients would require this SBP reduction to prevent one death [59]. Reducing total cholesterol by 23 mg/dL reduces the risk of CHD by approximately 27% [7]. This implies that a combined approach to reducing BP and cholesterol could be twice as beneficial as targeting just one of these risk factors.…”

“…The interaction between CVD risk factors is such that the probability of a CV event is frequently greater in patients with only moderate blood pressure (BP) and cholesterol abnormalities in the presence of additional risk factors than in patients with isolated marked elevations in BP or cholesterol levels alone (Fig. 2) [6,7]. In addition, the majority of CV events in a community occur among individuals with modest levels of several risk factors rather than among the rare persons with extreme values of one risk factor.…”