Treatment Results in Patients with Drug Resistant Tuberculosis (MDR, pre-XDR, XDR) and HIV Infection in Stavropol Region

Abstract

The objective: to compare treatment effectiveness of drug resistant tuberculosis (MDR, pre-XDR, XDR) depending on the HIV status of patients in Stavropol Region from 2019 to 2022.Subjects and Methods. In a retrospective study, chemotherapy outcomes for pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) were evaluated with distribution by treatment regimens for MDR, pre-XDR, and XDR in 100 patients with drug resistant tuberculosis (MDR, pre-XDR, XDR and HIV infection (DR TB/HIV Group ) and 707 patients with drug resistant tuberculosis (MDR, pre-XDR, and XDR) (and negative HIV status (DR TB Group). The immune status of patients in DR TB/HIV Group and its impact on the effectiveness of tuberculosis treatment were analyzed.Results. Effective treatment (definitions are given according to the Guidelines) was statistically significantly more frequently registered in DR TB Group versus DR TB/HIV Group (59% and 48%, respectively, p<0.05). Treatment failure was statistically significantly more frequently registered in patients in DR TB/HIV Group versus DR TB Group (42% and 26%, respectively, p<0.05). In DR TB/HIV Group, the lowest effectiveness (33%) of tuberculosis treatment was noted in the patients with CD4 count below 200 cells/µL. Among those died, the median time to death from the start of tuberculosis treatment was 12 months in DR TB Group, 8 months in DR TB/HIV Group, and 4 months in the subgroup of patients with CD4 count below 100 cells/µL.