Treatment Practices and Outcomes of Meibomian Gland Dysfunction at a Tertiary Center in Southern India

Lee, Ling; Garrett, Qian; Flanagan, Judith; Vaddavalli, Pravin K.; Papas, Eric

doi:10.1097/icl.0000000000000356

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“… 7–10 There have been few studies primarily evaluating the compliance with lid hygiene in patients with MGD, despite the recognition of this issue in MGD treatment. 6 , 11–14 Several methods have recently been utilized for the assessment of compliance, including indirect measures such as self-report, electronic drug monitoring, pill counts, and pharmacy refill records; and direct measures, including detection of drugs or drug metabolites in plasma and examination of the intended effect. 15 As lid hygiene regimens do not involve medications, the assessment can only rely on self-report or examination of an intended effect.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“… 5 Therefore, self-report obtained through a questionnaire, which is the most preferred strategy for assessing compliance behavior, has been mainly used in previous studies. 6 , 11–14 However, there were no standardized questions, so either a follow-up single question or a telephone 1- or 2-item questionnaire was administered to determine patient compliance. 11 , 13 Although single-item questionnaires have been found to be valid ways to analyze patient compliance, 17 they still overestimate treatment compliance compared with multiple questions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“… 6 , 11–14 However, there were no standardized questions, so either a follow-up single question or a telephone 1- or 2-item questionnaire was administered to determine patient compliance. 11 , 13 Although single-item questionnaires have been found to be valid ways to analyze patient compliance, 17 they still overestimate treatment compliance compared with multiple questions. 15 A simple self-report form was applied in one study.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Compliance with Lid Hygiene in Patients with Meibomian Gland Dysfunction

Chuckpaiwong¹,

Nonpassopon²,

Lekhanont³

et al. 2022

OPTH

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Purpose To evaluate the level and predictor of compliance with lid hygiene of the patients with meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD) by a specially designed and validated questionnaire. Patients and Methods A cross-sectional, descriptive study was conducted among patients with symptomatic meibomian gland dysfunction visiting at Ramathibodi Hospital from April 2019 to December 2020. Dry eye symptom, fluorescein tear breakup time (TBUT), ocular surface staining, lid morphology, meibum quality, and meibum expressibility were evaluated. All patients were instructed to perform lid hygiene two times daily. Eight weeks after receiving the instruction, the patients were asked to complete a newly developed seven-item questionnaire to assess compliance. The associated factors limiting treatment adherence were evaluated. Proper statistical analyses were used to determine the relationships between compliance and non-compliance and a group of relevant baseline variables. P < 0.05 was considered to be statistically significant. Results A total of 77 patients were recruited into the study. Sixty-three patients (81.8%) were female. The mean age was 66.71 ± 8.17 years old (42–87 years). Good compliance with lid hygiene was reported by 42 patients (54.6%). Patient demographic factors or the number of concurrent systemic or ophthalmic drugs were not significantly different between the compliance and non-compliance groups. Some clinical signs, including the higher scores of meibomian gland expressibility and moderate to severe ocular surface staining, were significantly positively associated with lid hygiene compliance ( χ 2 = 10.13, P = 0.001 and χ 2 = 10.48, P = 0.001, respectively). A lack of time was the most notable reason for non-compliance. Conclusion Approximately half of the patients with symptomatic MGD had good compliance with lid hygiene by the specific questionnaire. Appropriate patient education and optimization methods of lid hygiene may promote patient compliance.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Compliance with Lid Hygiene in Patients with Meibomian Gland Dysfunction

Chuckpaiwong¹,

Nonpassopon²,

Lekhanont³

et al. 2022

OPTH

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The current treatment of MGD-related dry eye includes physical and oral drug therapies, such as eye drops, hot eye compresses, and MG massage ( 11 ). However, these treatments also have own limitations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improved Dry Eye Symptoms and Signs of Patients With Meibomian Gland Dysfunction by a Dietary Supplement

et al. 2021

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Purpose: To explore the therapeutic effect of a dietary supplement on dry eye with meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD).Methods: Sixty patients with MGD-related dry eye were included in this prospective and randomized, placebo-controlled study. All the subjects were treated with eye hot compress, artificial tears, and antibiotic ointment. After that, the patients received dietary supplementary or placebo daily for 12 weeks. The dry eye signs, function of MG, and visual quality of the patients were assessed at 4, 8, and 12 weeks after the treatment.Results: Twelve weeks after the treatment, patients who received dietary supplement had a significantly better improvement of dry eye symptoms, in terms of ocular surface diseases index and tear breaking-up time (TBUT), than those who received placebo (P < 0.05). The functions of MG, in terms of meibum quality and MG exclusion and MG obstruction scores, were significantly improved in both dietary supplement and placebo groups (P < 0.05). Patients who received dietary supplement had a significantly better improvement in the MG structure, in terms of acinar diameter and acinar density, than those who received placebo (P < 0.05). The number of inflammatory cells near MG was significantly lower in the dietary supplement group when compared with the placebo group (P < 0.05). The objective visual quality was significantly improved in the dietary supplement group, but not in the placebo group (P < 0.05).Conclusion: The dietary supplement can effectively improve the symptoms and signs of MGD-related dry eye, reduce the inflammatory reaction of MG, restore the gland structure, and indirectly improve the visual quality.

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Efficacy of baby shampoo and commercial eyelid cleanser in patients with meibomian gland dysfunction

Aryasit¹,

Uthairat²,

Singha³

et al. 2020

Medicine

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Background: To compare the efficacy between Johnson's baby shampoo top-to-toe (No More Tears formula) and OCuSOFT Lid Scrub Original Foaming Eyelid Cleanser (OSO) in patients with grade 2 meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD). Methods: Sixty participants with grade 2 MGD were enrolled and analyzed based on intention to treat basis in a prospective, randomized, single-blind trial for eye scrub using either diluted baby shampoo or OSO. The data collection included the Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) questionnaire, compliance, and complications. The eye examinations were according to the Tear Film and Ocular Surface Society at baseline and at post-treatment weeks 4 and 12. Results: The mean (±SD) age of the 60 patients who presented with grade 2 MGD was 48.0 ± 13.8 years and 75.0% were females. The OSDI scores of these participants between pre-treatment and post-treatment weeks 4 and 12 improved significantly in both groups (all P < .001). The mean (±SD) differences of the improvement of OSDI score from baseline were not statistically significantly different between the baby shampoo and OSO groups at post-treatment weeks 4 and 12 (P = .57 and P = .54, respectively). The compliance and complications were also not statistically significant between the 2 groups. Conclusions: Eyelid scrub using either baby shampoo or OSO and warm compresses could significantly reduce eye irritability and uncomfortable symptoms in grade 2 MGD patients. In this study, the efficacy, compliance, and complications between the 2 groups were not statistically significantly different.

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Treatment Practices and Outcomes of Meibomian Gland Dysfunction at a Tertiary Center in Southern India

Cited by 5 publications

References 16 publications

Compliance with Lid Hygiene in Patients with Meibomian Gland Dysfunction

Compliance with Lid Hygiene in Patients with Meibomian Gland Dysfunction

Improved Dry Eye Symptoms and Signs of Patients With Meibomian Gland Dysfunction by a Dietary Supplement

Efficacy of baby shampoo and commercial eyelid cleanser in patients with meibomian gland dysfunction

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