Treatment patterns and associated costs for genital warts in Italy

Merito, Monica; Largeron, Nathalie; Cohet, Catherine; Timelli, Laura; Boselli, F.; Matteelli, Alberto; Naldi, Luigi; Vittori, Giorgio

doi:10.1185/03007990802485694

Cited by 17 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Episodes of infection treated at an STI clinic are the least expensive, whereas those treated in the hospital are the most expensive. This differenceis confirmed by a previous study in Italy in which a higher number of hospitalisations increased the mean annual cost per patient [15]. …”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 79%

“…Treatment with hospitalisation occurred in 1.2% of episodes, significantly fewer than that reported by Merito (12.6%) [15] because most of the episodes in our study were treated by cryotherapy delivered in the STI clinic. Home treatment was also far less frequent in our study than in that by Merito (14% versus 36.5%) [15] as there was a low level of podophyline prescription in our study.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 68%

“…Home treatment was also far less frequent in our study than in that by Merito (14% versus 36.5%) [15] as there was a low level of podophyline prescription in our study.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 67%

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A retrospective analysis of the costs and management of genital warts in Italy

Gianino

Delmonte²,

Lovato

et al. 2013

BMC Infect Dis

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BackgroundIn Italy the prevalence of genital warts in women (15–64 years) is approximately 0.6% with an incidence of 0.4% per year. Treatments for GW are usually long, with moderate success and high costs. The aim of the study was to evaluate the diagnostic-therapeutic pathway, duration and setting of treatment, costs of episodes of condyloma in a population attending a regional STI clinic in Piedmont.MethodsThis was a retrospective observational study conducted using medical records of outpatients who first visited the STI Clinic of San Lazzaro Dermatological Hospital in 2008. The patients’ medical histories were analysed for episodes that occurred and were cleared in 18 months following the initial visit. Data on screening methods for STIs, type of diagnosis for condyloma, treatment type, treatment setting, and anatomic lesion site were obtained from medical records. The costs were calculated for each episode.ResultsA total of 450 episodes were analysed (297 men,153 women). The most frequently affected anatomic site was the genital area (74%) in both genders. With regard to treatment setting, 78.44% of patients received outpatient treatment at the STI clinic, 4% were treated at home, and 0.22% were hospitalised; 11.11% were treated in multiple settings. The mean number of treatments per episode was 2.03; although many patients received only 1 treatment (n = 207, 46%), exspecially cryotherapy or diathermy coagulation (64.73% versus 28.02% of episodes, respectively). The mean episode duration was 80.74 days. The mean cost (in 2011 euros) for an episode was €158.46 ± 257.77; the mean costswere €79.13 ± 57.40 for diagnosis and €79.33 ± 233.60 for treatment. The mean cost for treatment in a STI-Clinic setting was €111.39 ± 76.72, that for home treatment was €160.88 ± 95.69, and that for hospital care was €2825.94.ConclusionsThe treatment of and associated costs for genital warts are significant. Several factors affect the cost, and internal STI clinic protocols, such as the 6 month window used to consider a recurrence or new diagnosis, create bias. Nonetheless, our findings how costs similar to those reported in the international literature and should be considered when deciding on which HPV vaccination programs should be provided by the public health system.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 79%

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 68%

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A retrospective analysis of the costs and management of genital warts in Italy

Gianino

Delmonte²,

Lovato

et al. 2013

BMC Infect Dis

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“…The estimated lifetime cost of anogenital warts per incident case was calculated as the sum of the mean, inflationadjusted direct costs incurred by new patients (€416 for women and €311 for men) and the probable, discounted, inflation-adjusted mean direct costs of recurrent (€199 for women and €66 for men) and resistant (€48 for women and €92 for men) episodes observed over 1 year after initial diagnosis. These figures were modelled on a previously published article [22]. Probability rates were calculated based on the number of recurrent (50.6% for women and 34.8% for men) and resistant (28.2% for women and 38.5% for men) cases reported as a percentage of the annual number of newly diagnosed cases, assuming a steady state in the total number of genital warts treated in Italy [22].…”

Section: Lifetime Costsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Economic burden of HPV9-related diseases: a real-world cost analysis from Italy

et al. 2019

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Introduction The objectives of this study were to estimate the economic burden of HPV in Italy, accounting for total direct medical costs associated with nine major HPV-related diseases, and to provide a measure of the burden attributable to HPV 6, 11, 16, 18, 31, 33, 45, 52, 58 infections. Methods A cost-of-illness incidence-based model was developed to estimate the incidences and costs of invasive cervical cancer, cervical dysplasia, cancer of the vulva, vagina, anus, penis, oropharyngeal, anogenital warts, and recurrent respiratory papillomatosis (RRP) in the context of the Italian National Health System (NHS). We used data from hospital discharge records (HDRs) of an Italian region and conducted a systematic literature review to estimate the lifetime cost per case, the number of incident cases, the prevalence of HPV9 types. Costs of therapeutic options not included in the diagnosis-related group (DRG) tariffs were estimated through a scenario analysis. Results In 2018, the total annual direct costs were €542.7 million, with a range of €346.7-€782.0 million. These costs could increase considering innovative therapies for cancer treatment (range €16.2-€37.5 million). The fraction attributable to the HPV9 genotypes without innovative cancers treatment was €329.5 million, accounting for 61% of the total annual burden of HPV-related diseases in Italy. Of this amount, €135.9 million (41%) was related to men, accounting for 64% of the costs associated with non-cervical conditions. Conclusions The infections by HPV9 strains and the economic burden of non-cervical HPV-related diseases in men were found to be the main drivers of direct costs.

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“…However, no surveys have been carried out into the awareness of sexually transmitted HPV infection, its tumourigenic sequelae and preventive measures among attendees of dermatological clinics. This is surprising, considering that the management of genitoanal neoplasms caused by HPV is part of routine dermato-venereological and dermatosurgical practice in most European countries (18)(19)(20); in Germany dermato-venereologists are the first-line doctors to diagnose genitoanal warts in men (in 44.8% of cases), followed by urologists (in 25.1% of cases) (8).…”

mentioning

confidence: 92%

Awareness of Human Papillomavirus Infection, Genitoanal Warts and Cancer in a Dermatological Outpatient Clinic Setting

Kuznetsov¹,

Reitmaier-Weber²,

Ruzicka³

et al. 2013

Acta Derm Venerol

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There has been little research into awareness of human papillomavirus (HPV) among dermatological out-patients, despite the fact that management of HPV infection causing genitoanal warts/cancer is part of the routine practice of dermato-venereologists. The aim of this study was to explore awareness of HPV among dermatological outpatients. A self-administered questionnaire was distributed to 360 consecutive attendees of a Munich dermatological outpatient clinic in November 2009. Of the total number of questionnaires, 77.2% were returned, and 69.7% (n=251, 51.8% females) were included in the analysis. 39.4% of the respondents had heard of HPV infection, and 23.9% of vaccination. Of those who had heard of HPV, 81.8% knew that HPV risk is associated with non-use condoms, number of sexual partners (77.8%), smoking (8.1%), and that HPV causes genital warts (65.7%), anal warts (39.4%) and cervical cancer (57.6%). HPV ignorance (never having heard of HPV) was predicted by being male (adjusted odds ratio=2.23, 95% confidence interval=1.32-3.80) and being a parent (adjusted odds ratio=2.11, 95% confidence interval=1.24-3.59). We conclude that dermatological outpatients have insufficient knowledge of HPV, its sequelae and prevention.

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Treatment patterns and associated costs for genital warts in Italy

Cited by 17 publications

References 11 publications

A retrospective analysis of the costs and management of genital warts in Italy

A retrospective analysis of the costs and management of genital warts in Italy

Economic burden of HPV9-related diseases: a real-world cost analysis from Italy

Awareness of Human Papillomavirus Infection, Genitoanal Warts and Cancer in a Dermatological Outpatient Clinic Setting

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