Treatment outcomes and prognosis of immune checkpoint inhibitors therapy in patients with advanced thymic carcinoma: A multicentre retrospective study

Wang, Wenxian; Lin, Gen; Hao, Yue; Guan, Yelan; Zhang, Yuxin; Xu, C.; Wang, Qian; Wang, Dong; Jiang, Zhansheng; Cai, Jing; Lou, Guangyuan; Song, Zhengbo; Zhang, Yongchang

doi:10.1016/j.ejca.2022.06.059

Cited by 13 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Katsuya et al reported that among fifteen TC patients in a PRIMER study, none achieved tumor shrinkage, with PFS and OS rates of 3.8 and 14.1 months, respectively (14). A multi-center retrospective study by our group found that combined immunotherapy was effective in advanced TC patients, especially those with high expression of PD-L1, with an ORR of 34.5% and median PFS of 8.0 months (15). The proportion of patients with stage III and IVA tumors in their study (54.5%) was larger than that in our study (20%).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 81%

Efficacy and safety of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) combined with antiangiogenic therapy for thymic epithelial tumors (TETs): a retrospective study

Xiang¹,

Si²,

Hao³

et al. 2023

Transl Cancer Res

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Background: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) combined with antiangiogenic therapy have shown promising antitumor activity against a range of advanced cancers. However, evidence is lacking as to whether this combination therapy could benefit thymic epithelial tumors (TETs). We aimed to explore the efficacy and safety of this combination therapy in advanced TETs.Methods: Ten patients with pathologically proven advanced TETs who received ICIs combined with an antiangiogenic agent from 2020 to 2022 at Zhejiang Cancer Hospital were included in the study. The Kaplan-Meier method was used to compare the treatment efficacy and survival outcomes.Results: Of the cohort of ten patients who received immunotherapy combined with antiangiogenic targeting drugs, two patients achieved a partial response (PR) with an objective response rate of 20% and seven patients achieved stable disease (SD) with a disease control rate (DCR) of 90%. The median progression-free survival (PFS) was 6.7 months [95% confidence interval (CI): 3.35-8.515] and the median overall survival (OS) was 45.6 months (95% CI: 3.265-88.001). Grade 3 treatment-related adverse events (TRAEs) were only detected in one patient. No grade 4 or above TRAEs were observed.Conclusions: ICIs in combination with antiangiogenic targeted drugs may be a promising treatment for advanced TETs.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 81%

Efficacy and safety of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) combined with antiangiogenic therapy for thymic epithelial tumors (TETs): a retrospective study

Xiang¹,

Si²,

Hao³

et al. 2023

Transl Cancer Res

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“…The latest retrospective study suggested that immune checkpoint inhibitor combined with chemotherapy can significantly improve the ORR (44.4%) and extend the PFS. The incidence of grade 3–4 adverse reactions was 15.6% 65 . Prospective, randomized controlled trials are required to further validate these results.…”

Section: Medical Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…The incidence of grade 3–4 adverse reactions was 15.6%. 65 Prospective, randomized controlled trials are required to further validate these results.…”

Section: Medical Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chinese expert consensus on the diagnosis and treatment of thymic epithelial tumors

Zhang

Wang

et al. 2023

Thoracic Cancer

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Thymic epithelial tumors (TETs) are a relatively rare type of thoracic tumor, accounting for less than 1% of all tumors. The incidence of TETs is about 3.93/10000 in China, slightly higher than that of European and American countries. For resectable TETs, complete surgical resection is recommended. Radiotherapy or chemotherapy may be used as postoperative adjuvant treatment. Treatment for advanced, unresectable TETs consist mainly of radiotherapy and chemotherapy, but there is a lack of standard first‐ and second‐line treatment regimens. Recently, targeted therapies and immune checkpoint inhibitors have shown promising outcomes in TETs. Based on the currently available clinical evidences and the opinions of the national experts, the Thymic Oncology Group of Yangtze River Delta Lung Cancer Cooperation Group (East China LUng caNcer Group, ECLUNG; Youth Committee) established this Chinese expert consensus on the clinical diagnosis and treatment of TETs, covering the epidemiology, diagnosis, treatment, prognosis and follow‐up of TETs.

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“…A Chinese retrospective study that compared ICIs with chemo-immunotherapy (CT+ICIs) in 77 patients affected by thymic carcinoma (previous chemotherapy: 50 patients (64.9%), PD-L1 status unknown: 62 patients (80.5%)), showed better results for the combination CT+ICIs in terms of PFS (mPFS 12.7 vs. 2.1) [ 35 ]. No differences were observed in terms of OS (mOS 35.4 vs. 26.7 months); however, the mOS values in patients receiving ICIs or CT+ICIs as the second or further line of treatment were 26.7 and 45.4 months, respectively.…”

Section: New Therapeutic Options For the Treatment Of Patients With A...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In 2016 Yang et al reported a case of metastatic thymic carcinoma which responded to anti-PD-1 therapy with pembrolizumab dramatically [ 40 ]. Subsequently, as previously shown, anti-PD-1 and anti-PD-L1 antibody treatment has been evaluated in several clinical trials in pre-treated patients [ 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 ]. Overall, ICIs with anti-PD-1 or anti-PD-L1 antibodies administered after the failure of standard chemotherapy are effective, with a clinical response in approximately 20% of cases; however, the treatment is associated with an enhanced risk of severe irAES, especially in the case of thymoma (up to 70% of G ≥ 3 irAEs), despite the exclusion in these trials of patients with active autoimmune disease.…”

Section: Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors In the Management Of Tets: Pros...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Current Treatment Approaches for Thymic Epithelial Tumors

Tartarone

Lerose

Lettini

et al. 2023

Life

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Thymic epithelial tumors (TETs), including thymoma, thymic carcinoma and neuroendocrine tumors, are uncommon tumors that originate from the epithelial cells of the thymus. Nevertheless, despite their rarity, they represent the most common tumor type located in the anterior mediastinum. Therapeutic choices based on staging and histology may include surgery with or without neoadjuvant or adjuvant therapy represented by chemotherapy, radiotherapy or chemo-radiotherapy. For patients with advanced or metastatic TETs, platinum-based chemotherapy remains the standard first-line treatment; however, some new drugs and combinations are currently under evaluation. In any case, proper management of patients with TETs requires a multidisciplinary team approach to personalize care for each patient.

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Treatment outcomes and prognosis of immune checkpoint inhibitors therapy in patients with advanced thymic carcinoma: A multicentre retrospective study

Cited by 13 publications

References 24 publications

Efficacy and safety of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) combined with antiangiogenic therapy for thymic epithelial tumors (TETs): a retrospective study

Efficacy and safety of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) combined with antiangiogenic therapy for thymic epithelial tumors (TETs): a retrospective study

Chinese expert consensus on the diagnosis and treatment of thymic epithelial tumors

Current Treatment Approaches for Thymic Epithelial Tumors

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