Treatment outcomes and associated factors in tuberculosis patients at Jimma University Medical Center: A 5-year retrospective study

Abebe, Gemeda; Bonsa, Zegeye; Kebede, Wakjira

doi:10.4103/ijmy.ijmy_177_18

Cited by 28 publications

(29 citation statements)

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“…The overall treatment success rate for all cases of tuberculosis in our study was 80.8%. This supports previous studies in Ethiopia with success rates of 80.2% in Jimma, 81.5% in Sodo town, 79.6% in Addis Ababa and 82.9% in Assela [15,18,22,25]. This result shows a slight improvement when compared with retrospective cross-sectional survey done on TB treatment outcomes in Pakistan that showed 68% treatment success rate [24], and Jinka general hospital with success rate of 74% [16] but lower than studies conducted in East Wollega (91.9%) [14], Gambella regional state (88.1%) [17], twenty two districts of Ethiopia (90.9%) [19] and Debre Tabor (87.1%) [20].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

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Determinants of tuberculosis treatment outcome under directly observed treatment short courses in Adama City, Ethiopia

et al. 2020

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Background Tuberculosis (TB) is a leading cause of death among infectious agents, ranking above HIV/ AIDS. Though much effort has been done, Ethiopia remained one of those countries which share the greatest burden of TB. Evaluating the TB treatment outcome is one method of TB control measures. Therefore, the aim of the current study was to assess TB treatment outcome and its determinants under directly observed treatment short courses in Adama City, Central Ethiopia. Method An institutional based cross sectional study was conducted in all public and private health facilities of Adama city from March 1 st 2016 to December 31 st , 2016. The data were entered and analyzed by using SPSS version 21.0 statistical software. The results were presented using descriptive statistics. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression model was used to evaluate the potential determinants of unsuccessful treatment outcome. Results Among 281 patients evaluated, 90(32%) were cured, 137(48.8%) have completed the treatment, 4(1.4%) were treatment failure, 36(12.8%) were lost to follow up, and 14 (5%) died. The overall treatment success rate was 80.8%. Age 15-24 (Adjusted odds ratio (AOR): 4.97; 95% Confidence interval (CI): 1.13-21.90), distance less than 5 kilometers from treatment center (AOR: 3.1; 95% CI: 1.42-6.77), being seronegative for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) (AOR: 20.38; 95% CI: 7.80-53.24) were associated with successful TB treatment outcome. Conclusion The treatment outcome of all forms tuberculosis patients in Adama city was unsatisfactory when referred with the national pooled estimate of 86% and WHO 2030 international target

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…TB treatment outcomes in Ethiopia were assessed in only limited number of settings, and its success rate varied accordingly based on different factors [14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23]. According to these studies, success rate of TB treatment in Ethiopia ranges from 20% to 92% [14,19,21,24] with varying determinants.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determinants of tuberculosis treatment outcome under directly observed treatment short courses in Adama City, Ethiopia

et al. 2020

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“…mated at 30% at the study sites, which is higher than reported range for other hospital-based studies in Ethiopia (22.7%) 10 and Nigeria (14.7%). 11 However, the proportion of EPTB is lower than reported in studies from China (31.3%) 12 and Australia (39%).…”

Section: Public Health Actioncontrasting

confidence: 67%

“…13 Our study found a predominance of males for both EPTB and PTB. Other study findings have been similar, 10,11 except for a study from Egypt by Mohammadien et al, 14 who reported a male:female ratio of 1:2. The male predominance in EPTB may be due to a general trend of males being at increased risk of TB compared to females, as reported in a systematic review on social de-terminants of TB in sub-Saharan Africa.…”

Section: Public Health Actionsupporting

confidence: 59%

Trends in extrapulmonary TB cases at three teaching hospitals in Ghana, 2008–2017

Mosi

et al. 2021

public health action

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SETTING: Three teaching hospitals in Ghana.OBJECTIVE: To elucidate trends in demographics, clinical characteristics and treatment outcomes in extrapulmonary TB (EPTB) patients.DESIGN: This was a retrospective study involving the review and comparison of EPTB and pulmonary TB (PTB) data from 1 January 2008 to 31 December 2017 in TB registers and treatment cards.RESULTS: Of 15,392 TB cases, 4607 (30%) were EPTB, including 4477/4607 (97%) new cases. There were 2,679/4607 (58%) males and the age range was 0.3 to 96 years. Pleural TB (1021/4607, 22%) was the most common. Treatment success rates for EPTB and PTB were respectively 72% and 84%. HIV positivity was high among patients with disseminated/miliary TB (429/779, 55%) and TB meningitis (242/526, 46%). To note, disseminated/miliary TB (χ2 = 33.53, P < 0.0001) increased, whereas TB meningitis (χ2 = 19.43, P < 0.0001) decreased over the 10-year period. Mortality among EPTB patients was associated with increasing age (25 years), disseminated/miliary TB, TB meningitis and HIV positivity.CONCLUSIONS: There is male preponderance for both EPTB and PTB in Ghana. Increasing age, disseminated/ miliary TB, TB meningitis and HIV are risk factors for mortality among EPTB patients. This emphasises the need for public education on the risk factors for EPTB and preventive strategies.

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“…It is also acceptable that there is a genuine increase in incidence augmentation in NTM cases. The reasons for the increase in the incidence and prevalence of NTM are multifactorial and depend on the nature of the host, the pathogen and the pathogen-host interaction (29).…”

Section: Global Trends Of Ntm Prevalence and Incidencementioning

confidence: 99%

Nontuberculous Mycobacteria in Humans, Animals, and Water in Zambia: A Systematic Review

et al. 2021

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Nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) are environmental opportunistic pathogens of humans and animals that are emerging with a serious public health impact particularly in individuals with Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndromes. Recent scientific evidence is shifting from NTMs being known as traditional environmental organisms to serious pathogenic organisms in both animals and humans. In humans, factors attributable to this rise have been linked mainly to Human Immunodeficiency Virus and Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome pandemic. In recent years there has been an increase in multidrug resistant Tuberculosis in Zambia and it is thought that NTMs could possibly be the cause. This study was therefore formulated to review available information on the prevalence of NTM in humans, animals and the environment, species distribution, zoonotic potential and public health importance in Zambia. This review was conducted in accordance with PRISMA guidelines. A literature search was done in PubMed and Google scholar using predefined search terms such as ‘nontuberculous mycobacteria’, ‘atypical mycobacteria’, ‘mycobacteria other than mycobacterium tuberculosis’ and ‘Zambia’, in combination with Boolean operators (AND, OR). This particular systematic review draws findings based on literature search between 2000 and 2020. Through literature search 243 papers were identified, 23 duplicates were identified and removed and 206 articles were excluded as they did not meet the inclusion criteria. The full text of the remaining 14 articles were considered for this review. The overall prevalence of NTM in humans was 24.39%, in water 21.5%, in animals 16.05% of which the prevalence in cattle was 14.81% and Kafue Lechwe 1.23%. Mycobacterium intracellulare was the most common isolated nontuberculous mycobacteria in humans and cattle while Mycobacterium gordonae was the most common in water, and Mycobacterium stomatepiae sp Nov in Kafue Lechwe. Nontuberculous mycobacteria are an emerging public health threat in Zambia both in humans and animals and this calls for the need for molecular information on the zoonotic transmission of nontuberculous mycobacteria. Increased awareness of nontuberculous mycobacteria diseases among clinicians and laboratory personnel is crucial for patient management and an essential step for facilitating the identification of nontuberculous mycobacteria species in laboratories.

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Treatment outcomes and associated factors in tuberculosis patients at Jimma University Medical Center: A 5-year retrospective study

Cited by 28 publications

References 0 publications

Determinants of tuberculosis treatment outcome under directly observed treatment short courses in Adama City, Ethiopia

Determinants of tuberculosis treatment outcome under directly observed treatment short courses in Adama City, Ethiopia

Trends in extrapulmonary TB cases at three teaching hospitals in Ghana, 2008–2017

Nontuberculous Mycobacteria in Humans, Animals, and Water in Zambia: A Systematic Review

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