Treatment Outcome of Tuberculosis Patients Registered at DOTS Centre in Ogbomoso, Southwestern Nigeria: A 4-Year Retrospective Study

Abstract

Background Information. Monitoring outcome of tuberculosis treatment and understanding the specific reasons for unsuccessful treatment outcome are important in evaluating the effectiveness of tuberculosis control program. This study investigated tuberculosis treatment outcomes and predictors for unsuccessful treatment outcome in Ogbomoso town, Southwestern Nigeria. Methodology. Medical records of all tuberculosis patients registered from January 2008 to December 2011 in 5 Local Government areas, Ogbomoso, Southwestern Nigeria, were reviewed. Treatment outcome and tuberculosis type were categorized according to the national tuberculosis control guideline. Bivariate analysis was used to analyse the association between treatment outcome and potential predictor variables. Results. Out of the 965 total TB patients (579 males and 386 females) with mean age 42.4 ± 1.9 years, 866 (89.74%) were categorized as pulmonary tuberculosis and 109 (11.30%) as extrapulmonary tuberculosis. Treatment outcome among total 914 subjects was as follows: 304 (33.26%) patients got cured, 477 (52.19%) completed treatment, 87 (9.52%) died, 9 (0.98%) defaulted, and 1 (0.11%) failed treatment while 36 (3.94%) were transferred out. Higher treatment success rate was associated with those on Category 1 treatment (P < 0.05). Conclusion. The treatment success rate of tuberculosis patients was high (85.45%) compared to national target. However, certain proportion of patients died (9.52%) and defaulted (0.98%), which is a serious public health concern that needs to be addressed urgently.

Do retreatment tuberculosis patients need special treatment response follow-up beyond the standard regimen? Finding of five-year retrospective study in pastoralist setting

“…The 86.8% treatment success rate for all forms of TB was nearly comparable to the WHO 2015 report for Ethiopia (89%), High-Burden Countries (88%) and globe-wise respectively (86%) [ 1 ]. In addition, this agrees with varies studies such as 85.5% in Nigeria [ 37 ], 87.1% in Debre Tabor [ 22 ], 87.3% in Arsi Negele [ 20 ], 87.8% in Dabat [ 23 ] and 89.2% in Tigray [ 19 ] areas of Ethiopia. In contrast to these, our finding is notably high compared to 46.2% in Nigeria [ 38 ], 67.3% in Malaysia [ 14 ], 74.4% in South Africa [ 39 ], and 80.5% in Azezo [ 26 ] and 80.8% in Bahir Dar [ 27 ] towns of Ethiopia.…”

“…The death rate is comparable to 5.6% in Debre Tabor, 3.9% in Tigray, 3.6% in Arsi Negele and 3.1% in Dabat areas of Ethiopia [ 19 , 20 , 22 , 23 ]. On contrary, it is lesser compared to 14.6% in Bahir Dar, Ethiopia [ 27 ], 9.5% and 11.5% in Nigeria [ 37 , 38 ], 9.8% in South Africa [ 39 ] and 17.6% in Malaysia [ 14 ]. However, the actual TB provoked death would have been even lower since the actual causes of death was not recorded, either caused by TB or other causes of death.…”

Characteristics of pulmonary tuberculosis patients in Moses Kotane region North West Province, South Africa

“…13 These findings are similar those of the South Western Nigerian study. 14 The results of this study demonstrate that the majority (73.9%) of those who were cured had DOT support, compared with 41.5% of those who were not cured. This illustrates the importance of having all TB patients under DOT support during their treatment, so as to increase their cure rate, as this is supported by many studies done across the world.…”

Patients and Health System-Related Factors Impacting on Tuberculosis Program Implementation in Resource-Constrained Settings: Experience from Multi-TB Facilities in Oyo State, South-West of Nigeria

“…In 2013, 80% of TB cases occurred in 22 high-burden countries leading to 1.5 million deaths. Nigeria is the fourth among these 22 countries, wherein the World Health Organization (WHO) estimates an incidence rate for all forms of tuberculosis to be '311 per 100,000 populations, incidence of smear positive annually 131 per 100,000 population and prevalence of 546 per 100,000 populations [3,4]'. Also, TB services are provided mostly as part of the primary health services followed by secondary and tertiary healthcare provided by public and private institutions.…”