Treatment outcome of Fournier's gangrene and its associated factors: A retrospective study

Abstract

Introduction: Fournier's gangrene (FG) is a rapidly progressive necrotizing infection that affects the perineal and abdominal regions and is known for its high mortality rate. This study aims to present the practical experience of managing FG patients and identify factors that may affect their clinical outcomes. Materials and methods: A retrospective study was conducted from April 2009 to December 2020 at General Military Hospital in Sana'a, Yemen including 26 patients who were diagnosed with FG and treated on. Data on demographic characteristics, time to admission, surgical intervention, and treatment outcomes were collected. Univariate analysis was performed to determine factors that affect patient outcomes. Result: The mean age of the patients was 65.77 ± 5.04 years, and 65.4% of them were over the age of 65. Most patients (57.7%) presented after five days of experiencing symptoms, and 65.4% were in septic conditions. Of the patients, 17 (65.4%) survived, and the total mortality rate was 34.6%. Univariate analysis showed that delayed presentation (p = 0.001), a history of diabetes mellitus (p < 0.001), end-stage renal disease (p < 0.001), heart failure (p < 0.001), cerebrovascular accident (p = 0.032), liver cirrhosis (p < 001), presence of multiple comorbidities (p < 001), involvement of lager area (p < 001), septic conditions (p = 0.009), advanced age (p = 0.018), and intensive care unit admission (p = 0.002) were found to be risk factors for mortality in patients with FG. Conclusions: FG is a potentially life-threatening medical condition, even with aggressive and specialized treatment. Our study revealed a mortality rate of 34.6%. Factors such as older age, the presence of multiple comorbidities, septic conditions, the abdominal spread of the disease, intensive care unit admission, and delayed presentation contribute to higher mortality rates.