Treatment of yellow scorpion (Leiurus quinquestriatus) sting: A case report

Shalita, Eric A.; Wells, Ryan D.

doi:10.1331/japha.2007.07051

Cited by 10 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…However, the average amount of venom injected in a sting is rather low (0.225 mg), which means that the risk of mortality is low in adults stung by L . quinquestriatus [ 111 ]. Nevertheless, the quantity of venom appears to be sufficient to pose a severe risk to children.…”

Section: Main Species Responsible For Severe Envenomingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Terrestrial venomous animals, the envenomings they cause, and treatment perspectives in the Middle East and North Africa

et al. 2021

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The Middle East and Northern Africa, collectively known as the MENA region, are inhabited by a plethora of venomous animals that cause up to 420,000 bites and stings each year. To understand the resultant health burden and the key variables affecting it, this review describes the epidemiology of snake, scorpion, and spider envenomings primarily based on heterogenous hospital data in the MENA region and the pathologies associated with their venoms. In addition, we discuss the venom composition and the key medically relevant toxins of these venomous animals, and, finally, the antivenoms that are currently in use to counteract them. Unlike Asia and sub-Saharan Africa, scorpion stings are significantly more common (approximately 350,000 cases/year) than snakebites (approximately 70,000 cases/year) and present the most significant contributor to the overall health burden of envenomings, with spider bites being negligible. However, this review also indicates that there is a substantial lack of high-quality envenoming data available for the MENA region, rendering many of these estimates speculative. Our understanding of the venoms and the toxins they contain is also incomplete, but already presents clear trends. For instance, the majority of snake venoms contain snake venom metalloproteinases, while sodium channel–binding toxins and potassium channel–binding toxins are the scorpion toxins that cause most health-related challenges. There also currently exist a plethora of antivenoms, yet only few are clinically validated, and their high cost and limited availability present a substantial health challenge. Yet, some of the insights presented in this review might help direct future research and policy efforts toward the appropriate prioritization of efforts and aid the development of future therapeutic solutions, such as next-generation antivenoms.

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Section: Main Species Responsible For Severe Envenomingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Terrestrial venomous animals, the envenomings they cause, and treatment perspectives in the Middle East and North Africa

et al. 2021

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“…11 Moreover, cost, rarity, and storage requirements for immunotherapy limit its use to role 3 medical facilities. 15 Symptomatic treatment of acute lung edema and cardiogenic shock currently remains the standard care. 16,17 Prevention of a scorpion sting is diffi cult and is based on wearing long sleeves and pants, checking sleeping bags, and clothes every evening.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Case of Combat-Related Scorpion Envenomation in Afghanistan

et al. 2011

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“…In earlier epidemiological and clinical studies, L. quinquestriatus venom was capable of provoking cardiac complications such as pulmonary edema, myocarditis, changes in heart rate and rhythm, and cardiac failure (19,(34)(35)(36)(37)(38)(39). In Turkey, Söker and Haspolat (40) reported 64 cases of scorpion stings in children from the provinces of Mardin, Sirnak, Batman, and Siirt in the southeastern Anatolia region, who were admitted to the Pediatric Emergency Department in Dicle University Hospital at Diyarbakir between 1995 and 1999 (Figure 1).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Özkan¹,

Yagmur

Ark

2011

J. Venom. Anim. Toxins incl. Trop. Dis.

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Currently, medically significant scorpion species belong to the Buthidae family and are represented by the genera Androctonus, Buthus, Mesobuthus, Hottentotta, Parabuthus, Tityus, Centruroides, Leiurus. Although Leiurus was originally considered a monotypic genus, four additional species have since been described. Leiurus abdullahbayrami (previously identified as L. quinquestriatus in Turkey) was classified as a new Leiurus species. This is the first report conducted on the lethality and biologic effects of L. abdullahbayrami scorpion venom in mice. In this study, the electrophoretic protein pattern of its venom was also determined. Two protein bands with molecular masses of 4 and 6 kDa were more strongly detected than other protein bands in the venom sample. Electrophoresis showed that L. abdullahbayrami scorpion venom possesses both short-and long-chain neurotoxins. The median lethal dose of this venom was found to be 0.19 mg/kg by subcutaneous (SC) injection in mice. Animals experimentally envenomed with L. abdullahbayrami venom exhibited hyperexcitability, agitation, aggressive behavior, squeaking and fighting, tachypnea, weakness, convulsions, and death due to cardiac and respiratory failure. In further studies, the potency of antivenom should be investigated in relation to the scorpion venom. Molecular and pharmacological studies are also required to identify and characterize L. abdullahbayrami scorpion venom.

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Treatment of yellow scorpion (Leiurus quinquestriatus) sting: A case report

Cited by 10 publications

References 4 publications

Terrestrial venomous animals, the envenomings they cause, and treatment perspectives in the Middle East and North Africa

Terrestrial venomous animals, the envenomings they cause, and treatment perspectives in the Middle East and North Africa

A Case of Combat-Related Scorpion Envenomation in Afghanistan

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