Treatment of Urolithiasis

Staghorn stones in a congenital malrotation double collecting kidney managed by laparoscopy

“…According to El Nahas et al, kidney stone management in patients with congenital renal anomalies requires special considerations. 3 Patients were typically treated with an open approach, but with the rise of advanced endourology, we now have many minimally invasive modalities options including flexible ureterorenoscopy (f-URS), percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PNL), laparoscopic pyelolithotomy, and their combinations.…”

“…Laparoscopic stone removal in congenital renal anomalies (pelvic kidney) was firstly documented by Esghi et al, in 1985, and numerous instances of laparoscopic pyelolithotomy have been recorded thereafter, 3 but none of which is similar to our case. It is possible to have less bleeding in laparoscopic surgery by being more controlled and completing the operation in less time, by increasing the pressure at the operation site to reduce venous bleeding, or by carefully studying the anatomical characteristics.…”

“…The position, calyceal orientation, relationships of the calices to the renal pelvis, renal vasculature, relationships with other intraabdominal organs, and abnormal ureteral insertion of these kidneys vary significantly. 3 In this report, we described a rare case of staghorn stones in both moieties of double collecting system with malrotation kidney managed by laparoscopic extended pyelolithotomy. To the best of our knowledge, this was the first case of staghorn stone management in a patient with congenital bilateral kidney malrotation who also had a double collecting system.…”

GC–MS Based Metabolite profiling, Antioxidant and Antiurolithiatic Properties of Apple Cider Vinegar

“…Tromethamine-E/acetylcysteine is used for cystine calculi and sodium bicarbonate/ potassium citrate solution for uric acid stones in combination with oral alkalinization [ 4 ]. Patients with cystinuria at a lifetime risk for urolithiasis frequently require recurrent procedures and are significantly more likely to experience reduced renal function in the long term [ 5 ]. It is advised to start early disease management with a high-liquid intake, pyridoxine and the treatment of any stones with an acute presentation to prevent renal failure and oxalosis crisis [ 6 , 7 ].…”