Treatment of the Deep Mycoses

Procknow, John J.

doi:10.1001/archinte.1958.00260160089013

Cited by 44 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 236 publications

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“…It is active against a broad spectrum of fungi in vitro and in vivo, including Aspergillus fumigatus, Candida albicans, Coccidioides immitis, Cryptococcus neoformans, and Histoplasma capsulatum (4,5,7,10,26,27). However, nystatin is not well absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract, and its parenteral administration results in dose-limiting toxicities and harmful infusion-related reactions (21,23). For this reason, the clinical application of nystatin has largely been limited to topical use in mucosal and cutaneous forms of candidiasis (25).…”

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confidence: 99%

Comparison of In Vitro Antifungal Activities of Free and Liposome-Encapsulated Nystatin with Those of Four Amphotericin B Formulations

Johnson¹,

Ojwang²,

Székely³

et al. 1998

Antimicrob Agents Chemother

106

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The in vitro activity of a multilamellar liposomal formulation of nystatin (Nyotran) was compared with those of free nystatin and four pharmaceutical preparations of amphotericin B. MICs for 200 isolates of two Aspergillus spp., seven Candidaspp., and Cryptococcus neoformans were determined by a broth microdilution adaptation of the method recommended by the National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards. Minimum lethal concentrations (MLCs) of the six antifungal preparations were also determined. Both nystatin formulations possessed fungistatic and fungicidal activities against the 10 species tested. Liposomal nystatin appeared to be as active as free nystatin, with MICs and MLCs that were similar to, or lower than, those of the latter. Neither formulation of nystatin was as active as amphotericin B deoxycholate (Fungizone) or amphotericin B lipid complex (Abelcet), but both were more effective than liposomal amphotericin B (AmBisome). Our results suggest that further evaluation of liposomal nystatin is justified.

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confidence: 99%

Comparison of In Vitro Antifungal Activities of Free and Liposome-Encapsulated Nystatin with Those of Four Amphotericin B Formulations

Johnson¹,

Ojwang²,

Székely³

et al. 1998

Antimicrob Agents Chemother

106

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“…The intravenous use of nystatin in humans has been reported for a limited number of patients (32,38). Although nystatin demonstrated antifungal activity in humans (32), it was generally thought that because of toxicity (thrombophlebitis, fever, chills, and nausea) (32,38), it was not suitable for intravenous therapy. For this reason, an alternative formulation was sought that would allow the intravenous administration of nystatin.…”

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confidence: 99%

Activity of liposomal nystatin against disseminated Aspergillus fumigatus infection in neutropenic mice

Wallace¹,

Paetznick²,

Cossum³

et al. 1997

Antimicrob Agents Chemother

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The purpose of this study was to examine the activity of liposomal nystatin against a disseminated Aspergillus fumigatus infection in neutropenic mice. Mice were made neutropenic with 5-fluorouracil and were administered the antifungal drug intravenously for 5 consecutive days beginning 24 h following infection. Liposomal nystatin, at doses as low as 2 mg/kg of body weight/day, protected neutropenic mice against Aspergillus-induced death in a statistically significant manner at the 50-day time point compared to either the no-treatment, the saline, or the empty-liposome group. This protection was approximately the same as that for free nystatin, a positive control. Histopathological results showed that liposomal nystatin cleared the lungs, spleen, pancreas, kidney, and liver of Aspergillus and that there was no organ damage at the day 5 time point, which was after only three doses of liposomal nystatin. Based on these results in mice, it is probable that liposomal nystatin will be effective against Aspergillus infection in humans.

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“…Stilbamidine (Harrel et al, 1954) and 20-hydroxystilbainidine (Geraci et ah, 1955 ;Procknow and Loosli, 1958) are said to be highly effective in sporotrichosis. Delayed toxic effects of this drug include damage to the trigeminal nerve and occasionally to the other cranial nerves (Lewis, 1964).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%