“…SBRs are widely regarded as one of the most accessible methods for treating abattoir wastewater [ 42 ] due to their ability to extract organic carbon, suspended particles, and nutrients from wastewater in a single tank and their low operating and capital costs [ 43 ]. Several process modifications in the duration associated with each stage can be made to remove nitrogen and phosphorus from wastewater [ 44 , 45 ].…”