Treatment of Pulp and Paper Mill Wastewater Using Utrafiltration Process: Optimization of the Fouling and Rejections

Gönder, Z. Beril; Arayıcı, Semiha; Barlas, Hulusi

doi:10.1021/ie2024504

Cited by 43 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…One of the key considerations is to employ a membrane having sufficiently fine pore distribution to exclude the passage of biological cells and viruses. The following studies have employed ultrafiltration to separate clarified water from the solids in P&P mill process waters or effluent (Minami et al 1991;Zaidi et al 1992;Ragona and Hall 1998;Huuhilo et al 2002;Tavares et al 2002;Komesvarakul et al 2003;Nuortila-Jokinen et al 2004;Mänttäri et al 2008; Ordonez et al 2010;Puro et al 2010;Gönder et al 2011Gönder et al , 2012Simonič and Vnučec 2012;Singh et al 2012;Quezada et al 2014). Notably, Tavares et al (2002) were able to demonstrate the removal of metals from such effluent.…”

Section: Membrane Filtrationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Membrane systems have been used by some P&P facilities to meet government regulations regarding effluent discharge. The Irving Pulp and Paper in New Brunswick, which is a 950 t/d facility, has been in operation for 15 years without the need for a biological wastewater treatment system (Hodgson et al 1998) due to membrane usage.Some of the most commonly mentioned types of membrane filtration are indicated in Table 1 Tavares et al 2002;Gönder et al 2011Gönder et al , 2012 Nanofiltration, dialysis 1 to 5 nm Ahn et al 1998;Lastra et al 2004;Kaya et al 2010 Reverse osmosis < 1 nm Sierka et al 1997;Khosravi et al 2011;Ordóñez et al 2011 Starting from the top of Table 1, the coarsest membranes, i.e. microfiltration membranes, appear to have been mainly considered as pre-filtration membranes upstream of membranes having finer pores for wastewater applications (Le-Clech et al 2006).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Wastewater Treatment and Reclamation: A Review of Pulp and Paper Industry Practices and Opportunities

Hubbe

Metts

Hermosilla

et al. 2016

BioRes

183

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The pulp and paper (P&P) industry worldwide has achieved substantial progress in treating both process water and wastewater, thus limiting the discharge of pollutants to receiving waters. This review covers a variety of wastewater treatment methods, which provide P&P companies with costeffective ways to limit the release of biological or chemical oxygen demand, toxicity, solids, color, and other indicators of pollutant load. Conventional wastewater treatment systems, often comprising primary clarification followed by activated sludge processes, have been widely implemented in the P&P industry. Higher levels of pollutant removal can be achieved by supplementary treatments, which can include anaerobic biological stages, advanced oxidation processes, bioreactors, and membrane filtration technologies. Improvements in the performance of wastewater treatment operations often can be achieved by effective measurement technologies and by strategic addition of agents including coagulants, flocculants, filter aids, and optimized fungal or bacterial cultures. In addition, P&P mills can implement upstream process changes, including dissolved-air-flotation (DAF) systems, filtration save-alls, and kidney-like operations to purify process waters, thus reducing the load of pollutants and the volume of effluent being discharged to end-of-pipe wastewater treatment plants. Keywords: Wastewater treatment; Pulp and paper manufacturing; Advanced oxidation; Membrane technologies; Clarification; Activated sludgeContact information: a: North Carolina State University, Dept. of Forest Biomaterials, Campus Box 8005, Raleigh, NC 29695-8005; b: WestRock Company, Water and Waste Treatment, 600 S 8th St, Fernandina Beach, FL 32034; c: Department of Agricultural and Forestry Engineering, University of Valladolid, Campus Duques de Soria, E-42004 Soria, Spain; d: Complutense University of Madrid, Department of Chemical Engineering, Ingn. Quim, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Ciudad Universitaria s/n,S-N, E-28040 Madrid, Spain; e: Concordia University, Dept. Bldg. Civil & Environm. Engn., 1455 Maisonneuve Blvd, West Montreal, PQ H3G 1M8, Canada; f: University of Jyväskylä, Dept. Chem., Box 35, FI-40014 Jyväskylä, Finland; g: Department of Biology, Center for Environmental and Marine Studies, CESAM, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; h: Department of Environment and Planning, Center for Environmental and Marine Studies, CESAM, Aveiro & Department of Materials and Ceramics, Institute of Materials, CICECO, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; i: FPInnovations, 570 St. Jean Blvd., Pointe Claire, PQ H9R 3J9, Canada; * Corresponding author: hubbe@ncsu.edu Contents of the Article INTRODUCTIONThe pulp and paper (P&P) industry occupies a challenging position with respect to the natural environment. On the positive side, the industry is based on the usage of renewable, photosynthetic resources. On the other hand, the industry discharges huge quantities of aqueous effluents. Large volumes (up to 70 m 3 ) of wastewater ...

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Section: Membrane Filtrationmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Wastewater Treatment and Reclamation: A Review of Pulp and Paper Industry Practices and Opportunities

Hubbe

Metts

Hermosilla

et al. 2016

BioRes

183

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The large F ‐value of any parameters indicates its importance in the process . The calculated F ratio was compared to the critical F value ( F cr ) If the calculated F ratio is greater than the F cr value, the statistical test is significant at the the selected confidence level . In this study, degrees of freedom forthe error is 2.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimization of operational parameters by Taguchi design for imidacloprid oxidation by microwave‐activated persulfate

Genç

Durna

2017

Env Prog and Sustain Energy

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In this study, imidacloprid oxidation by microwave‐activated persulfate was investigated. Imidacloprid was exposed to microwave (MW) irradiation at different persulfate concentration, power level, contact time, and pH. Reaction between imidacloprid and sulfate radical followed the secondary order kinetic model. Taguchi's robust design approach was used to optimize the imidacloprid oxidation. Experimentation was planned as per Taguchi's L9 orthogonal array. The optimum levels of control factors for maximum imidacloprid oxidation were defined (power at 700 W, contact time at 6 min, persulfate concentration at 0.129 g/L (power density 5.42 W/g oxidant), pH at 6.5). The analysis of variance analysis shown that the the most effective control factor is power, its contribution is 69.2%. A confirmation experiment was conducted to verify the feasibility and effectiveness of the optimal combination. The observed value of S/N (ηobs = 38.8) ratio is compared with that of the predicted value (ηopt = 45.4). The prediction error, that is, ηopt ‐ ηobs = 6.6, is within the confidence interval (CI) value. © 2017 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Environ Prog, 37: 1632–1637, 2018

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“…A number of conventional processes have previously been used to treat the different types of paper mill wastewater including coagulation and flocculation [ 5 ], adsorption [ 6 , 7 ], advanced oxidation [ 8 , 9 ] and membrane filtration [ 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 ]. It is important to mention that paper mills have their own wastewater treatment plants but some water treatment methods typically used for the P & P are not environmentally efficient: e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Operating Conditions Optimization via the Taguchi Method to Remove Colloidal Substances from Recycled Paper and Cardboard Production Wastewater

et al. 2020

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Optimization of the ultrafiltration (UF) process to remove colloidal substances from a paper mill’s treated effluent was investigated in this study. The effects of four operating parameters in a UF system (transmembrane pressure (TMP), cross-flow velocity (CFV), temperature and molecular weight cut-off (MWCO)) on the average permeate flux (Jv), organic matter chemical oxygen demand (COD) rejection rate and the cumulative flux decline (SFD), was investigated by robust experimental design using the Taguchi method. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) for an L9 orthogonal array were used to determine the significance of the individual factors, that is to say, to determine which factor has more and which less influence over the UF response variables. Analysis of the percentage contribution (P%) indicated that the TMP and MWCO have the greatest contribution to the average permeate flux and SFD. In the case of the COD rejection rate, the results showed that MWCO has the highest contribution followed by CFV. The Taguchi method and the utility concept were employed to optimize the multiple response variables. The optimal conditions were found to be 2.0 bar of transmembrane pressure, 1.041 m/s of the cross-flow velocity, 15 °C of the temperature, and 100 kDa MWCO. The validation experiments under the optimal conditions achieved Jv, COD rejection rate and SFD results of 81.15 L·m−2·h−1, 43.90% and 6.01, respectively. Additionally, SST and turbidity decreased by about 99% and 99.5%, respectively, and reduction in particle size from around 458–1281 nm to 12.71–24.36 nm was achieved. The field-emission scanning electron microscopy images under optimal conditions showed that membrane fouling takes place at the highest rate in the first 30 min of UF. The results demonstrate the validity of the approach of using the Taguchi method and utility concept to obtain the optimal membrane conditions for the wastewater treatment using a reduced number of experiments.

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Treatment of Pulp and Paper Mill Wastewater Using Utrafiltration Process: Optimization of the Fouling and Rejections

Cited by 43 publications

References 33 publications

Wastewater Treatment and Reclamation: A Review of Pulp and Paper Industry Practices and Opportunities

Wastewater Treatment and Reclamation: A Review of Pulp and Paper Industry Practices and Opportunities

Optimization of operational parameters by Taguchi design for imidacloprid oxidation by microwave‐activated persulfate

Operating Conditions Optimization via the Taguchi Method to Remove Colloidal Substances from Recycled Paper and Cardboard Production Wastewater

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