“…This can be attributed to the enhanced smoothness of the treated fabric surface. It has been reported that the smoother fabric surface has lower ability to scatter the ultraviolet radiation; thus, the UV radiation will have higher ability to transmit through the fabric, which decreases its UPF ( Rietzler et al., 2019 ). The negative impact of the fabric smoothness on the UPF value of the treated fabric was counteracted by the increase in the fabric yellowness.…”