Treatment of Pieris Ingestion in Goats with Intravenous Lipid Emulsion

Abstract

Seven goats and one ram presented with clinical signs including regurgitation, obtundation, anorexia, apparent pain, and bloat. The animals had escaped from their barn, and it was discovered that they had ingested leaves of Pieris japonica, Japanese pieris, a grayanotoxin-containing plant. Animals were treated with antibiotics, calcium borogluconate, B vitamins, and activated charcoal within the first 24-h postexposure, which was followed by the recovery of the ram and two goats and the death of two goats. Approximately 36 h after Japanese pieris ingestion, one of the three remaining anorectic goats was dosed with intravenous lipid emulsion (ILE). This goat recovered within a few hours. The remaining two goats were given ILE the next day and appeared to recover, but one died a week later of aspiration pneumonia.

Lipid Therapy for Intoxications

“…Dijkman, personal communication, Veterinary Poisons Information Service, 2016); and Pieris japonica poisoning in a flock of goats. 45,46,[55][56][57] Consultation with a (veterinary) poisons information center can help to decide whether ILE therapy might be useful in the treatment of a certain drug/toxin poisoning.…”

Rhododendron poisoning in alpacas (Vicugna pacos) in Northern Germany

“…A further treatment option might be an intravenous infusion of a lipid emulsion, as grayanotoxins are lipophilic. Successful interventions in ruminants (Bischoff et al 2014 ) and SACs(Dixon et al 2021 ) have been described This intervention was not performed, as the regime of lipid emulsion infusion has not been established to the clinic. However, side effects of lipid emulsion infusion are not well-characterized in ruminants (Bischoff et al 2014 ).…”

Therapeutic plasma exchange to mitigate flunixin meglumine overdose in a cria

“…ILE therapy was used in the current case while TPE was being arranged, and therefore its success alone could not be evaluated. ILE has been described for treatment of a variety of drug toxicities in veterinary patients, 10 including goats 11 and equines, 12–14 and is thought to be most effective for lipid solute toxicants such as local anesthetics and ivermectin. ILE has been previously used for treating nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drug toxicities in dogs 15,16 and so was a reasonable treatment option in this case.…”