Treatment of Particulate Matter Pollution: People’s Attitude and Readiness to Act

The selection of a local and sustainable use of biogas, and biogas feedstocks, towards the upgrading process to biomethane, is a key aspect towards more consistent energy planning within the frame of the EU Green Deal and Sustainable Development Goals. In this paper, four biomethane production and utilization pathways were assessed in the view of economic, environmental, technological, and social dimensions compared to a reference scenario in which direct biogas use in a cogeneration unit is assumed. The technologies analyzed included membrane systems, amine scrubbing, water scrubbing, and biological methanation, regarding the Sardinian context. The impact assessment was carried out using the TOPSIS method. As an output, thirteen consistent indicators reflecting the holistic aspect of sustainability were designed and proposed based on an in-depth literature review and the authors’ technological knowledge. The results show that the reference scenario was the preferable one. In terms of environmental and social considerations, biological methanation emerged as the most environmentally and socially responsible alternative. From the economic perspective, all the upgrading options depicted similar results. The technological-oriented weighting showed that the two most widespread upgrading options highlighted the optimal results.

Section: Selected Indicators For Topsis Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

A MCDA-Based Assessment of Biomethane Generation and Use in Sardinia

Asquer,

Romagnoli

2023

“…Its source can be of natural origin or anthropogenic. The main sources of anthropogenic PM emissions are the combustion of fuels by vehicles, industry, among others energy as well as heating of buildings with solid fuel furnaces, which is related to the lack of connection of households to heating networks [3], [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Share of Pollution from Land Sources in PM Levels in the Region of Danish Straits, North and Baltic Seas

Rogulski

Badyda

Firląg

2021

The aim of the study was to determine air pollution over the sea surface (North Sea and Baltic Sea) comparing to concentration in the closest land areas to examine the impact of ships on the level of PM concentration. The analysis is based on the measurements made during the two weeks cruise of the tall ship Fryderyk Chopin from Edinburg to Kołobrzeg. The highest pollution levels were observed in locations distant from the coast, especially over Baltic Sea, with increasing concentrations when other ships approaching. The article attempts to assess the possibility of migration of pollutants to these areas from land-based sources, and thus indicate the degree of their participation in the level of pollution present at sea.

“…Accordingly, scientific community reasons that it is not enough only to limit or prevent the pollution but it is equally important to develop new methods to neutralise pollutants which are already present in the environment [7]. This ultimate change in the paradigm of the environment sustainability has made environment and climate research much more multidisciplinary with the significant emphasis on rising of public awareness [8], development and applications of new highly efficient technologies [9] and functional materials. For instance, catalysts make up the class of functional materials that are used to enable or favour the formation of the desired products and/or to suppress the formation of undesirable by-products.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ni Underlayer Effect for the Structure Development and Visible Light Photocatalytic Efficiency of Carbon-Doped TiO₂ Film

Demikyte

Sakalauskaitė

Kuliešienė

et al. 2021

Photocatalytic treatment of contaminated aqueous solutions makes use of the specific interaction between photocatalysts and ultra-violet or visible light irradiation. This method belongs to the wider class of Advanced Oxidation Processes that generates reactive oxygen species (peroxides, superoxide, hydroxyl radical, singlet oxygen, etc.) and uses them for the non-selective oxidation of various organic and inorganic compounds. In THE current study magnetron sputtering technique was used to deposit carbon-doped TiO2 films which are known to have significant photocatalytic activity in the visible light spectra and can be used for the neutralisation of contaminated solutions. Structural properties of the as-deposited films were analysed by XRD, XPS and AFM techniques, whereas their visible light photocatalytic activity was estimated by analysing Rhodamine B solution bleaching kinetics. When carbon-doped TiO2 photocatalysts were formed on borosilicate glass XRD analysis showed that they consisted of mixed phase (rutile-anatase) TiO2 where both phases contributed by similar parts. However, when the same deposition procedure was used to deposit carbon-doped TiO2 films on glass covered by Ni layer, formation of metastable anatase phase was enhanced. Estimation of visible light photocatalytic activity of the films revealed that Ni underlayer had positive effect for the efficiency of Rhodamine B solution bleaching and it could be beneficial for the practical wastewater treatment systems. It was suggested that observed improvement was mainly achieved due to the structural changes of TiO2 crystal phase, but other mechanisms like prevention of impurity diffusion from the glass substrate to the carbon-doped TiO2 film, or positive Ni doping effect could not be excluded completely.