Treatment of organic matter and ammonia nitrogen in wastewater by electrocatalytic oxidation: a review of anode material preparation

Abstract

The research progress of electrochemical treatment of organic matter and ammonia nitrogen in wastewater is reviewed in this work. Pt/Ti, RuxIryOz/Ti, IrO2-Ta2O5/Ti, PbO2/Ti, TinO2n-1, SnO2-Sb/Ti, boron-doped diamond, graphite, and particle...

A Comprehensive Review on Modification of Titanium Dioxide‐Based Catalysts in Advanced Oxidation Processes for Water Treatment

“…During direct oxidation, organic contaminants are first adsorbed onto the anode surface and then oxidized on the electrode by direct electron transfer. Consequently, these pollutants can be completely mineralized into CO 2 and H 2 O as presented in Figure 14 [146–148] …”

“…Consequently, these pollutants can be completely mineralized into CO 2 and H 2 O as presented in Figure 14. [146][147][148]…”

Recent advancements in modified SnO2–Sb electrodes for electrochemical treatment of wastewater

“…For instance, the anode material significantly influences current efficiency and overpotential, and numerous anode materials may encounter challenges related to dissolution or passivation during operation. 16 Metal oxides constitute a highly significant category of solid catalysts, finding extensive use both as active phases and as supports. 17 Through the combination of various metal oxides, it is possible to create novel, stable compounds, some of which demonstrate notably enhanced catalytic activity compared to their individual metal oxide counterparts.…”

Boosting Ammonium Oxidation in Wastewater by the BiOCl-Functionalized Anode

“…In recent years, the electrochlorination of ammonium (NH 4 + ) to N 2 for wastewater treatment has received growing interest from academia and industry, − because this process shows promise as an alternative to the prevailing biological approach for treating biorefractory wastewater with a low C/N ratio, high salinity, low pH, and high temperature. , The electrochlorination process relies on the in situ production of free chlorine, which is generated by electrolyzing Cl – -laden wastewater. The free chlorine plays a pivotal role in facilitating NH 4 + conversion into its elemental form, similar to the traditional breakpoint chlorination process. ,, Dimensionally stable anodes (DSAs) consisting of mixed metal oxides (MMOs), such as IrO 2 –RuO 2 and IrO 2 –Ta 2 O 5 , are ideal anode materials for chlorine evolution and are widely used for treating NH 4 + in various wastewaters. ,, For example, our research group has collaborated with industry partners to implement a large-scale electrochemical reactor equipped with multiple MMO anodes for removing NH 4 + in mature landfill leachate, which has been successful in eliminating the pollutant. However, we have also observed occasional deterioration of NH 4 + removal.…”