Treatment of Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunch Regenerated Cellulose Biocomposite Films using Methacrylic Acid

Zailuddin, Nur Liyana Izyan; Husseinsyah, Salmah; Hahary, Farah Norain; Ismail, Hanafi

doi:10.15376/biores.11.1.873-885

Cited by 5 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…Raw OPEFB fiber has peaks at ∼3337 and ∼ 2921 cm −1 while the spectrum of the untreated OPEFB nanocellulose indicates the peaks at 3340 cm −1 and 2888 cm −1 . These peaks suggest the hydroxyl group (OH) and the CH stretching of both materials [6,39,40] . The characteristic of COC pyranose ring stretching can be distinguished at the peak between the regions of 1030–1040 cm −1.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…These peaks suggest the hydroxyl group (OH) and the C H stretching of both materials. [6,39,40] The characteristic of C O C pyranose ring stretching can be distinguished at the peak between the regions of 1030-1040 cm −1. [6,41] The band at 1626 cm −1 for raw OPEFB fiber and 1634 cm −1 for untreated nanocellulose signify the bending mode of the absorbed water.…”

Section: Soil Biodegradability Testmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Morphology, mechanical properties, and biodegradability of all‐cellulose composite films from oil palm empty fruit bunch

2020

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Palm oil plantations are very important in that they supply vegetable oil globally. However, increased production of palm oil prompts the accumulation of large lignocelluloses residues in the form of oil palm empty fruit bunch (OPEFB). This study explored the advantages of using OPEFB in the production of all-cellulose composite (ACC) films. The isolation process of the raw OPEFB fiber was carried out using a chemical process to extract OPEFB nanocellulose. ACC films from OPEFB and microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) were prepared using a dimethylacetamide (DMAC) and lithium chloride solvent system whereby the partially dissolved cellulose was transformed into the matrix phase surrounding the remaining nondissolved fiber. ACC films with 1% (wt/vol) OPEFB and 3% (wt/vol) MCC were prepared and the effects of chemical treatment of the OPEFB cellulose on the mechanical properties, crystalline structure, morphology, moisture absorption and soil biodegradability of the ACC film were investigated. The tensile strength of the ACC film was tremendously improved by chemical treatment. For instance, when acetic acid was used to treat the nanocellulose, the resultant film showed 279% increment in tensile strength value. However, formic acid-treated films demonstrate greater moisture uptake and soil biodegradation rate. The findings could be related to the alterations of hydroxyl group composition in the nanocellulose and variation in dissolution rate of the nanocellulose during chemical treatment. K E Y W O R D S all-cellulose composite, biodegradability, ionic liquid, nanocellulose, oil palm empty fruit bunch 1 | INTRODUCTION Plastic film is the most commonly used material for packaging due to its aesthetic quality, low cost, handleability, flexibility, and lightweight. Plastic films used for domestic and food packaging are typically made from petroleum sources like polypropylene (PP), polystyrene (PS), and polyethylene (PE). Use of these materials has led to severe environmental issues. A way to reduce packaging environmental issues is by introducing natural ingredients into

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Soil Biodegradability Testmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphology, mechanical properties, and biodegradability of all‐cellulose composite films from oil palm empty fruit bunch

2020

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“…It is noted that a large part of the bands will remain in the material after the pyrolysis step; however, they have lost their intensity. The remained bands after the carbonization/activation step were: (a), which corresponds to the OH stretching [42], the (c) identified as the CO stretching [43]. After that, it is possible to identify the CO, C = C, and CCO stretching vibration (e).…”

Section: Psac Characterization Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The last remaining band (f) is related to the C-H aliphatic and aromatic bonds [45]. The bands that disappear after pyrolysis can be identified as the C-H (b) bond [43] and to stretching vibrations C-O, C-H, or C-C (d) [46]. This trend indicates that the lignin and hemicellulose content diminishes in the process, generating C = C bonds on the material.…”

Section: Psac Characterization Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adsorption of atrazine herbicide from water by diospyros kaki fruit waste activated carbon

Salomón

Georgin

Franco

et al. 2022

Journal of Molecular Liquids

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“…It is known that the presence of lignin in natural fillers leads to poor mechanical properties in regenerated cellulose. Interfacial adhesion between filler and matrix can be improved by promoting surface modification on the filler and thus enhancing the mechanical properties of resulting biocomposite films Zailuddin et al 2015). The hydrophilic nature of the filler also can be reduced via filler modification to enhance the filler dispersion, wettability and filler-matrix interaction (Park et al 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Treated Nypa fruticans Husk-filled Regenerated Cellulose Biocomposite Films

2016

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The effects of filler content and methacrylate acid (MAA) treated Nypa fruticans husk (NFH) on the mechanical properties, X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and morphology of NFH regenerated cellulose (RC) biocomposite films were investigated. Ionic liquid containing 8 wt% of lithium chloride (LiCl)/N,N-dimethylacetamide (DMAc) was used to dissolve microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) and NFH to produce NFH RC biocomposite films. Methacrylate acid was used as a modifying agent on the NFH to promote better mechanical and thermal properties for the resulting NFH RC biocomposite films. The results showed that the tensile strength, Young's modulus, crystallinity index (CrI), moisture content, and thermal stability of the untreated NFH RC biocomposite films increased with increasing NFH content up to 3 wt% and decreased with further increments. The MAA-treated NFH showed improved tensile strength and Young's modulus compared with the untreated NFH RC biocomposite films. The presence of MAA enhanced the crystallinity index (CrI), moisture resistance, and thermal stability of the NFH RC biocomposite films. Good interfacial interaction between the NFH and RC matrix was proven by scanning electron microscopy (SEM).

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Treatment of Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunch Regenerated Cellulose Biocomposite Films using Methacrylic Acid

Cited by 5 publications

References 0 publications

Morphology, mechanical properties, and biodegradability of all‐cellulose composite films from oil palm empty fruit bunch

Morphology, mechanical properties, and biodegradability of all‐cellulose composite films from oil palm empty fruit bunch

Adsorption of atrazine herbicide from water by diospyros kaki fruit waste activated carbon

Treated Nypa fruticans Husk-filled Regenerated Cellulose Biocomposite Films

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