Treatment of malignant leydig cell tumor

Bertram, Kenneth A.; Bratloff, Brian; Hodges, George F.; Davidson, Howard W.

doi:10.1002/1097-0142(19911115)68:10<2324::aid-cncr2820681036>3.0.co;2-k

Cited by 98 publications

(53 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…4 It is very important to identify such cases as many cases have been reported which had deranged endocrine levels and appearance of atypical symptoms even after years of unilateral orchidectomy. 5 Our case also presents with normal hormonal levels, henceforth we must identify benign LCTs and do long term follow up.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 78%

“…Long-term excess of estrogen can cause impairment of spermatogenesis, most likely because of hypothalamic-pituitary inhibition as well as direct blockade at the testicular level. 16 This calls for early detection and management of these tumors to preserve the reproductive capacity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…5 Awareness of the constellation of its clinical, pathologic features and immunohistochemistry aids in establishing the correct diagnosis and distinguishing this neoplasm from other lesions of the testis. …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Leydig cell tumor of testis- a rare case report

et al. 2017

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Leydig cell tumors(LCTs) of testis are rare testicular tumors of male gonadal interstitium. Although rare, they are most common sex cord stromal tumors and comprise 1-3 % of all testicular neoplasms. They usually occur in fourth to sixth decade. In young patients, they are mostly benign and in adults it can be malignant in about 10 % cases. The incidence of Leydig cell tumors is gradually increasing every year which might be attributed to increased use of radiological techniques and subsequent early detection of tumors that have not been found in historical series. Here we report a case of benign Leydig cell tumor testis in a 45-year-old male who presented with left sided testicular mass. The patient subsequently underwent high inguinal orchidectomy. Histopathological examination showed benign pure Leydig cell tumor. Serological investigations revealed normal testosterone levels, DHEA and androstenedione levels. Immunohistochemical staining for inhibin showed fine granular cytoplasmic positivity and diffuse positive staining for Melan-A which further confirmed the diagnosis. The endocrine profile and imaging investigations of such patients might be normal and patients can be totally asymptomatic. However periodic follow up of endocrine profile and imaging must be done as many cases have been reported which had deranged endocrine levels and appearance of atypical symptoms even after years of unilateral orchidectomy. Our case also presents with normal hormonal levels, henceforth for a better prognosis we must identify benign LCTs and do long term follow up.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 78%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Leydig cell tumor of testis- a rare case report

et al. 2017

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“…Commonly, the surgical management of LCTs is the radical orchiectomy (10,11). Nevertheless, an organ sparing surgery was reported by Suardi in small LCTs with benign characteristics (12, 13).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Leydig Cell Tumor in a 53-Year-Old Patient with Gynecomastia and Gynecodynia: A Case Report and Literature Review

Francesco¹,

Ghahhari²,

Castellan

et al. 2017

Int J Cancer Manag

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Introduction: Testicular cancer is a rare neoplasm that afflicts men particularly in specific age-range. 5% to 6% of these tumors are non-germ cell tumors, in which Leydig cell tumors (LCTs) are included. Case Presentation: This case report describes an uncommon presentation of a Leydig tumor cell in a 53 year old man with gynecomastia and gynecodynia Conclusions: LCT is a rare neoplasm of the testis; its origin is still unknown and it could also present out of the normal range-age with the highest incidence. The radical surgery is still preferred, even if an organ sparing approach is reported. There are a lot of reports and case series in literature about LCT's but our work focus the attention of uncommon signs of presentation of this disease, expecially gynecodynia.

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“…If the tumor is malignant, orchiectomy with retroperitoneal lymph node dissection is recommended, since chemotherapy and radiation therapy show limited efficacy in the treatment of malignant Leydig cell tumors. Survival time of patients with this malignancy range from 2 months to 17 years, and the mean survival time is 2 years (10,11). To improve the survival time of patients with malignant Leydig cell tumor, and to decrease the serious consequences, such as testicular dysfunction and infertility that is caused by the current treatment for benign Leydig cell tumors, alternative treatments need to be explored.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Icariin induces apoptosis in mouse MLTC-10 Leydig tumor cells through activation of the mitochondrial pathway and down-regulation of the expression of piwil4

Xie¹

2011

Int J Oncol

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Abstract. The Leydig cell tumor, derived from interstitial cells, is a rare neoplasm. In most cases, Leydig cell tumors are benign, however, if the tumor is malignant, no effective treatments are currently available. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the effects of icariin on the growth of the mouse Leydig tumor cell line MLTC-1 and to examine its underlying mechanism. Icariin caused a dose-dependent decrease in the viability of MLTC-1 cells, which coincided with an increase in cell apoptosis through regulation of the expression of Bcl-2/Bax and cytochrome c, activation of caspase-9 and -3. Moreover, the pro-apoptotic effect of icariin on MLTC-1 cells is related to piwil4, since icariin induced a decrease in piwil4 protein expression and piwil4 silencing significantly enhanced the cytotoxic effects of icariin in MLTC-1 cells. These findings suggest a novel anticancer effect of icariin in Leydig cell tumor through activation of the mitochondrial pathway and down-regulation of the expression of piwil4. IntroductionTesticular neoplasms include germ cell tumors and sex cord-stromal tumors. Germ cell tumors comprise 95% of all testicular neoplasms, while the remaining 5% of testicular tumors are sex cord-stromal tumors, which are derived from somatic cells, Sertoli and Leydig cells. The Leydig cell tumor is classified as an interstitial cell tumor, which are commonly benign; however, in adults, ~10% of cases are malignant (1-4). The etiology of Leydig cell tumor in humans remains unknown. Currently, in most cases, the standard therapy for benign Leydig cell tumors is considered to be orchiectomy. Recently, by retrospectively analyzing the long-term follow-up of a series of patients with Leydig cell tumors electively treated with testis sparing surgery, Glannarin et al (5) demonstrated that testis sparing surgery with frozen section examination has an excellent long-term oncological outcome. Therefore, testis-sparing surgery may be chosen for treating benign Leydig cell tumors to maintain fertility, especially in boys and young men (5-9). If the tumor is malignant, orchiectomy with retroperitoneal lymph node dissection is recommended, since chemotherapy and radiation therapy show limited efficacy in the treatment of malignant Leydig cell tumors. Survival time of patients with this malignancy range from 2 months to 17 years, and the mean survival time is 2 years (10,11). To improve the survival time of patients with malignant Leydig cell tumor, and to decrease the serious consequences, such as testicular dysfunction and infertility that is caused by the current treatment for benign Leydig cell tumors, alternative treatments need to be explored.Icariin (C 33 H 40 O 15 ; molecular weight, 676.67), a flavonoid isolated from Herba Epimedii, is considered to be the main active component responsible for the actions of Herba Epimedii. Many studies have shown that it has a wide range of pharmacological and biological activities on endocrine, cardiovascular, genital, bronchial, urinary and immune systems (12)(13)(14)(15). In ...

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Treatment of malignant leydig cell tumor

Cited by 98 publications

References 25 publications

Leydig cell tumor of testis- a rare case report

Leydig cell tumor of testis- a rare case report

Leydig Cell Tumor in a 53-Year-Old Patient with Gynecomastia and Gynecodynia: A Case Report and Literature Review

Icariin induces apoptosis in mouse MLTC-10 Leydig tumor cells through activation of the mitochondrial pathway and down-regulation of the expression of piwil4

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