Treatment of Lethal Midline Granuloma Type Nasal T-Cell Lymphoma

Natural killer-cell malignancies: diagnosis and treatment

“…33,39,40 Furthermore, nasal NK-cell lymphomas not responding to chemotherapy can be salvage by radiotherapy in about 50% of cases. In contrast, patients failing radiotherapy respond minimally to salvage chemotherapy.…”

“…Therefore, nasal NK-cell lymphomas involving extensively the nasal cavity, paranasal sinuses and nasopharynx would still be considered as stage I E disease. 21,11,[33][34][35][36][37][38][39] To overcome this problem, a staging system devised originally for conventional sinonasal B-cell lymphomas 40 has been tested in nasal NK-cell lymphomas. Initial results showed that stage T1/T2 diseases had superior outcome compared with stage T3/T4 diseases.…”

“…The overall response rate ranged from 60 to 80%, complete remission (CR) rate 40 to 80% and 5-year overall survival (OS) 40 to 59% (Table 2). 14,[33][34][35][36]38,39,46,47 Typically, a total dose of 30-60 Gy is administered. Computerized tomographic or magnetic resonance imaging scans should be used to determine the radiation target volumes.…”

Nasal natural killer/T‐cell lymphoma

“…They are aggressive, locally destructive, midline facial necrotizing lesions. Initially these lesions were labeled as lethal midline granulomas [1][2][3], a term which is slowly being phased out. The non specific clinical symptoms constitute a major stumbling block in the early diagnosis and management of these lymphomas.…”

Physiological and Pathological Aspects of Human NK Cells

“…Most observational studies have consistently demonstrated that radiotherapy is superior to chemotherapy alone in patients with stage I/II disease (Sakata et al, 1997). Some patients with early-stage disease are cured by radiation therapy.…”