Treatment of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Enteropathy With a Gluten-Free Diet

Nellen, Haiko; Flores, Guillermo; Wacher, Niels H.

doi:10.1001/archinte.160.2.244

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…It is highly possible that laboratory error was responsible for this inability because of the difficulty of identifying Microsporidia without the aid of electron microcopy or molecular methods [36]. Other potential causes of diarrhea among patients with pathogen-negative chronic diarrhea include HIV-induced enteropathy [31] and fat malabsorption [37,38]. Finally, no specific assays were performed to identify pathogenic strains of Escherichia coli, such as enteroadherent E. coli.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Etiology of Chronic Diarrhea in Antiretroviral‐Naive Patients with HIV Infection Admitted to Norodom Sihanouk Hospital, Phnom Penh, Cambodia

et al. 2006

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Etiology of Chronic Diarrhea in Antiretroviral‐Naive Patients with HIV Infection Admitted to Norodom Sihanouk Hospital, Phnom Penh, Cambodia

et al. 2006

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“…However, the diagnosis of celiac diseases in HIV-infected children might be difficult due to the possibility of finding false-positive tissue transglutaminase antibodies and HIV-associated villous atrophy on intestinal biopsy. In HIV-infected subjects, HLA-typing may be essential before introducing a gluten-free diet [ 74 , 75 , 76 ].…”

Section: The Spectrum Of Diarrheal Disease In Hivmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gastrointestinal Diseases in Children Living with HIV

2021

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Thanks to the advances in antiretroviral therapies (ART) and early diagnosis, pediatric HIV has turned into a chronic infection that requires the collaboration of all pediatric subspecialists for holistic patient management. Gastrointestinal complaints are a frequent reason for seeking access to medical care in all pediatric patients worldwide. Intestinal involvement is present in virtually all children with HIV infections. In high-prevalence settings, up to 25% of children accessing the hospital for diarrhea are diagnosed with HIV. More than half of patients with advanced disease present with gastrointestinal symptoms, from mild infectious diarrhea to severe gastrointestinal impairment, malabsorption and failure to thrive. Gastrointestinal disorders do not spare children on ART, particularly in the initial months of therapy. ART-associated pancreatitis and hepatitis are rare but potentially severe adverse events, whereas lower abdominal symptoms have been reported in more than a third of patients. The latter are usually mild and transient, but may limit ART adherence; a correct framing of the problem is necessary to minimize therapy switches while optimizing the quality of life of children on ART. This review aims to provide state-of-the-art guidance for the initial approach to gastrointestinal diseases in children living with HIV.

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“…Both celiac patients and HIV patients have an elevated number of intestinal and rectal activated epithelial lymphocytes [10]. Several previous investigators have reported significant improvement with gluten-free diet in HIV patients with chronic diarrhea but no serological evidence of celiac disease [2][3][4]. We believe that the present case is the first reported case in the literature of an HIV-positive patient developing serologically positive celiac disease.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 57%

“…In the absence of an identifiable infectious cause, this has been termed HIV enteropathy. In the past, it has been noted that the diarrhea may resolve following the empiric administration of a gluten-free diet [2][3][4]. However, the actual development of celiac disease, as defined by serological studies (presence of antiendomysial antibody, anti-gliadin IgA, and anti-gliadin IgG), a duodenal biopsy showing villous blunting, and patient response to gluten-free diet, has not been previously reported.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%