Treatment of Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Abstract

Treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains a critical issue particularly in the endemic areas. This paper summarizes the literature in the recent 4 years and the author’s data. Substantial progress has been found in the treatment of HCC during the recent decades, which was mainly a result of advances in medical imaging, aggressive surgical approach, regional cancer therapies and multidisciplinary approach. Surgical approaches that resulted in significant prolonged survival included: resection (particularly small HCC resection), re-resection for subclinical recurrence, cytoreduction and sequential resection for initially unresectable HCC, and liver transplantation for small HCC. In nonsurgery, regional cancer therapy has been a new trend, which includes transcatheter arterial chemoembolization, percutaneous ethanol injection for small HCC, and others. As a result of multimodality combination treatment and changing concepts in surgical oncology, the role of surgery in the treatment of HCC has become bigger. However, the inadequacy of regional cancer therapies, its multicentric origin and tumor invasiveness remain major targets to be studied for a curative treatment.

Combined transarterial chemoembolization and arterial administration ofBletilla striatain treatment of liver tumor in rats

“…The mean tumor volume before (V1) and after (V2) treatment was 0.0355 cm 3 and 0.2248 cm 3 in group A, 0.0374 cm 3 and 0.0573 cm 3 in group B, 0.0380 cm 3 and 0.3674 cm 3 in group C, respectively. The mean ratio (V2/V1) was 6.2791 in group A, 1.5324 in group B and 9.1382 in group C. Compared with the control group (group C), group B showed significant inhibition of tumor growth (P<0.01), while group A did not (P>0.05).…”

Transcatheter Arterial Chemoembolization of Liver Tumors: Effects of Embolization Protocol on Injectable Volume of Chemotherapy and Subsequent Arterial Patency

“…The mean greatest transverse tumor diameter measured by CT or MRI was 7.2, 8.3, and 7.9 cm for each group, respectively. Fourteen patients presented with portal vein thrombosis (3,8, and 3 in groups 1-3, respectively). All three groups had comparable proportions of hypervascular tumors (89%, 93%, 94% for each group, respectively).…”

“…Despite the development of new treatment modalities, clinical outcomes are typically poor. Few therapeutic options are effective, especially since neither conventional systemic chemotherapy nor radiation therapy can halt the progression of disease [1][2][3]. Transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE), which consists of delivering a mixture of ethiodized oil, chemotherapeutic agents and embolic particles directly to the tumor, is commonly performed to treat these types of liver cancer.…”

Expression of aspartyl beta-hydroxylase and its clinicopathological significance in hepatocellular carcinoma

“…1,2 Epidemiological studies in high-risk populations have identified chronic hepatitis B or C virus infections as well as dietary exposure to aflatoxin B1 as major factors in the etiology of this disease. 3 The genesis of human cancers is a multistep process reflecting cumulative genetic alterations that include activation of oncogenes or inactivation of tumor suppressor genes.…”