Treatment of gingivitis is associated with reduction of systemic inflammation and improvement of oral health‐related quality of life: A randomized clinical trial

Abstract

Aim To compare the level of inflammatory markers, oral health‐related quality of life (OHRQoL), and gingival parameters 1 month after introduction of electric toothbrush and intensive oral hygiene manoeuvre adaptation (OHI) versus routine habits (no‐OHI) in patients affected by generalized gingivitis. Materials and Methods One hundred forty subjects with generalized gingivitis were randomized to receive either OHI or no‐OHI. Full‐mouth plaque/bleeding scores (FMPS/FMBS), serum high‐sensitivity C‐reactive protein (hs‐CRP), interleukin‐6 (IL‐6), and an oral health impact profile‐14 questionnaire were collected at baseline and at 1‐month follow‐up visit. Results In the OHI, a significant FMPS and FMBS reduction (p < .01), a significant intra‐group decrease in hs‐CRP and IL‐6 (p < .01), and a significant improvement of OHRQoL (p < .01) were noted at 1‐month follow‐up visit. In the no‐OHI, lower‐magnitude differences were noted only for oral parameters. Resolution of gingivitis varied between OHI and no‐OHI (89% vs. 7%, respectively, p < .01). A logistic multivariate regression suggested that FMBS ≤8% was associated with the odds ratio of 13, having both CRP and IL‐6 below the selected threshold for healthy young adults (p = .04). Conclusions Gingivitis resolution determined important reductions of gingival inflammation and plaque levels, as well as systemic inflammatory markers and an improvement of quality of life (NCT03848351).

A Randomized Clinical Trial on the Clinical and Immunological Efficacy of a Mouth Rinse Containing Hydrogen Peroxide and Hyaluronic Acid in Patients with Gingivitis.

“…Through the mechanical elimination of the biofilm as a component of periodontal therapy, the difficulty was diminished, resulting in a decrease in the production of these cytokines. A recent study found the resolution of gingivitis is associated with significant reductions in both gingival inflammation and plaque levels, as well as systemic inflammatory markers [25]. In a comparison between HA/ H2O2 with CHX mouthwashes, the present findings revealed that CHX mouthwash had the highest effect in lowering IL-1B and IL-6 levels when compared to HA/ H2O2 mouthwash.…”

An Overview of Systemic Health Factors Related to Rapid Oral Health Deterioration among Older People

“…Several studies have suggested a strong link between noncommunicable diseases and oral health, with demonstrated associations with oral diseases for various conditions including cancer, diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, depression, neurodegenerative conditions, rheumatic diseases, inflammatory bowel disease, gastric helicobacter pylori, obesity, and asthma [ 18 ]. The connection between oral health and these diseases is largely attributed to inflammation, although there are two other pathways that may explain the association [ 19 , 20 , 21 ]. Firstly, some systemic diseases have direct links to negative impacts on oral health and oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL), such as Crohn’s disease [ 22 , 23 ], Beçhet’s disease [ 24 , 25 , 26 ], scleroderma [ 27 , 28 ], oral cancer [ 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 ], head and neck cancer [ 33 ], and Sjögren’s syndrome [ 34 , 35 , 36 , 37 ].…”

Systemic Health Factors Related to Rapid Oral Health Deterioration Among Older People

“…Several studies have suggested a strong link between noncommunicable diseases and oral health, with demonstrated associations with oral diseases for various conditions including cancer, diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, depression, neurodegenerative conditions, rheumatic diseases, inflammatory bowel disease, gastric helicobacter pylori, obesity, and asthma [18]. The connection between oral health and these diseases is largely attributed to inflammation, although there are two other pathways that may explain the association [19][20][21]. Firstly, some systemic diseases have direct links to negative impacts on oral health and oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL), such as Crohn's disease, Beçhet's disease, oral cancer, Sjögren's syndrome, and scleroderma [22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32].…”