Treatment of gingival recessions in heavy smokers using two surgical techniques: a controlled clinical trial

Abstract

Smokers have small root coverage which is associated with bad vascularity of periodontal tissues. This study evaluated a technique that can increase the blood supply to the periodontal tissues compared with a traditional technique. Twenty heavy smokers (10 males and 10 females) with two bilateral Miller class I gingival recessions received coronally positioned flaps in one side (Control group) and extended flap technique in the other side (Test group). Clinical measurements (probing pocket depth, clinical attachment level, bleeding on probing, gingival recession height, gingival recession width, amount of keratinized tissue, and width and height of the papillae adjacent to the recession) were determined at baseline, 3 and 6 months postoperatively. Salivary cotinina samples were taken as an indicator of the nicotine exposure level. No statistically significant differences (p>0.05) were detected for the clinical measurements or smoke exposure. Both techniques promoted low root coverage (Control group: 43.18% and Test group: 44.52%). In conclusion, no difference was found in root coverage between the techniques. Root coverage is possible and uneventful even, if rather low, in heavy smoker patients with low plaque and bleeding indices.

Nicotine affects cutaneous wound healing in stressed mice

“…In the current study, the higher plasma levels of cotinine, the most important and stable nicotine metabolite in mammalian species , in the nicotine‐treated mice indicated the systemic distribution of nicotine. The cotinine concentration data from nicotine‐treated mice (Nicotine: 306.8 ± 31.3 ng/ml; Stress + Nicotine: 444.1 ± 25.20 ng/ml) are similar to previous data from heavy smokers (400 ng/ml) and from smokers using or not using nicotine replacement therapy (332.6 and 363.3 ng/ml, respectively) . The Nicotine and Stress + Nicotine groups presented a significant difference in cotinine levels despite having received the same nicotine treatment.…”

Root coverage procedures for treating single and multiple recession‐type defects: An updated Cochrane systematic review

“…Forty‐eight studies (reported in 57 papers) were included in the review, with 20 providing data for meta‐analyses. Nine RCTs had their data reported in two articles each (i.e., according to the follow‐up period or type of data (i.e., clinical or patient‐reported outcomes) .…”

“…Five studies evaluated multiple GR, whereas the others single defects. Two studies evaluated exclusively outcomes of smokers (i.e., 10 or more cigarettes per day for >5 years). In addition, the majority of trials followed participants during a short‐term period (6 to 12 months).…”

“…All included trials reported the MRC. Within studies evaluating single GR (excluding the data from two RCT who included heavy smokers), this outcome varied from 50% to 96% for ADMG, 64.7% to 99.3% for SCTG, 70.5% to 95.1% for EMD, 55.9% to 95.4% for CAF, 62.5% to 73.7% for GTR rm, 84.2% to 89.9% for GTR rm associated with bone substitutes, and 80.5% to 82.4% for GTR nrm (Table ).…”

Aspectos clínicos, microbiológicos e tratamento periodontal em pacientes fumantes portadores de doença periodontal crônica: revisão da literatura

“…Reino et al 43 avaliaram vinte fumantes pesados, apresentando duas retrações bilaterais classe I de Miller, que receberam recobrimento radicular pela técnica de retalho posicionado coronalmente de um lado (grupo controle) e pela técnica do retalho estendido no outro lado (grupo teste). Ambas as técnicas tiveram baixo recobrimento radicular (controle: 43,18% e teste: 44,52%).…”