Treatment of dispersive clay soil by ZELIAC

Vakili, Amir Hossein; Selamat, Mohamad Razip; Aziz, Hamidi Abdul; Mojiri, Amin; Ahmad, Zakiah; Safarzadeh, Marjan

doi:10.1016/j.geoderma.2016.10.009

Cited by 37 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…However, it should be noticed that, generally the clay minerals of most interest with respect to fines migration have formed during diagenesis (Wilson et al, 2014). The ZELIAC (consisting of zeolite, activated carbon, limestone, rice husk ash, Portland cement) was considered as a new stabilizer for treatment of dispersive clay soils according to Vakili et al (2017). Maximum reduction in dispersivity, compressibility, and plasticity occurred where maximum adsorption capacity of the Ca 2þ content by clay particle took place.…”

Section: Chemical Stabilization Of Dispersive Clay Soilsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Dispersive clay soils are one of problematic soils in some engineering projects especially in arid regions that would impose high costs to control and stabilize the soils (Abbasi et al, 2017;Norouzian et al, 2018). Most of the studies have only focused on characterization and identification (Sherard et al, 1976;Heinzen and Arulanandan, 1977;Umesh et al, 2011;Ksenija et al, 2018), treatment and remediation (Moravej et al, 2015;Vakili et al, 2017;Abbasi et al, 2017), and problems (Qadir et al, 2006;Abbaslou et al, 2016;Singh et al, 2018) of dispersive soils regardless of clay type properties. However, clay soils are extremely variable in terms of their application and characteristics influencing on applications, properties, and treatment of dispersive soils.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of cations and anions on flocculation of dispersive clayey soils

Abbaslou

Hadifard

Ghanizadeh

2020

Heliyon

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Dispersivity of clay soils is one of the most important issues that should be considered in civil engineering projects. Dispersive soils are clay soils that are easily washed in water with low concentrations of salt; these clay soils usually contain high levels of sodium ions in their adsorption cation sites. Kaolin, sepiolite (fibrous clay), and bentonite soils are among the most important and useful industrial materials. Therefore, in this study, these three clay soils were selected to investigate dispersivity potential by adding 4% of dispersive materials (Sodium hexametaphosphate) and performing shear strength, crumb, double hydrometer, pinhole tests, and chemical experiments. Results indicated a change in the Sodium Adsorption Ratio (SAR) in the following order: kaolin > sepiolite > bentonite. Stabilization practices using chemical methods were done after performing soil divergence with sodium hexametaphosphate. CaCl 2 , CaSO 4 , AlCl 3 , and Al 2 (SO 4 ) 3 were used for chemical stabilization to assess the effect of ion valence on soil improvement parameters. Results obtained for chemical properties showed that, stabilization potential was in the following order: kaolin > sepiolite > bentonite; meaning that clay soils with lower cation exchange capacity have more remediation potential and are more susceptible to dispersion. The role of calcium and aluminum cations was prominent in improving mechanical and dispersivity properties, respectively. In general, further dispersion potential of clays in the same Na þ concentration was found to be related to a decrease in the cation exchange capacity, specific surface area, and plastic index. Soil dispersion was directly associated with diffuse double layer and electrostatic forces while; soil strength parameters were mainly dependent on cementation and connection of soil particles to each other. Consequently, it was observed that, clay soils with suitable engineering properties (higher strength and compaction or lower Atterberg limits) are more sensitive to dispersion compared to other types of clay with higher CEC and plasticity values.

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Section: Chemical Stabilization Of Dispersive Clay Soilsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of cations and anions on flocculation of dispersive clayey soils

Abbaslou

Hadifard

Ghanizadeh

2020

Heliyon

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“…The soil type and the extent of soil dispersity are important factors in selecting the appropriate precaution measures. Variation in physical and chemical properties of dispersive soils have been examined by adding different additives such as lime, Zeolite, cement, pozzolan, alum, and lignosulfonate (Savas, 2016, Vakili et al, 2017, Indraratna et al, 2012. The best option must be economically sound too.…”

Section: Phytodesalinationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phytoremediation: green technology for improving aquatic and terrestrial environments

Farraji¹,

Robinson²,

Mohajeri³

et al. 2020

Nipp J Environ Sci

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Environmental remediation by traditional physicochemical methods has several drawbacks, the most important of which is the high cost. Phytoremediation is the use of plants and associated microorganisms to improve degraded environments, Plant sensitivity to climate, seasonal growing, resistant to toxic compounds and suspended solids are limitations of this cost effective technology. Costs of phytoremediation can be offset by the production of valuable biomass for timber, fuel, essential oils and other uses. In some cases, the biomass may contain high concentrations of valuable trace elements such as nickel. Successful phytoremediation depends on suitable plants selection and application of appropriate agronomic techniques. In most cases, locally native plants are the most suitable phytoremediator for phytoremediation. This review collected 20 phytoremediation related terms containing phytomining,

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“…Vakili et al [67] used the ZELIAC as a new stabilizer to treat the dispersive clay (the soil was high plasticity clay or CH). It consists of zeolite, activated carbon, limestone, rice husk ash, and Portland cement.…”

Section: Rice Husk Ashmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of Sustainable Materials to Improve Geotechnical Properties of Soils

Al-Naje¹,

Abed²,

Al-Taie³

2020

NJES

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Most of the soils suffered from significant geotechnical problems dependent on factors like the type of soil, soil composition and mineralogy. Specifically, the problems related to mechanical and physical properties of soils. Several studies have been used to mitigate the adverse effects of soils through using either additive conventional materials such as cement, lime or these soils blending with produced material and chemical materials. This paper focuses on stabilizing or improving different soils using sustainable materials. These materials provided environmental and economic benefits while mitigating a health hazard, storage problems, and a potential pollution source. They can be classified according to these sources into four groups: industrial waste (by-products), agriculture waste, domestic waste and mineral waste. According to the results of this review, compaction characteristics, California bearing ratio and unconfined compressive strength have been studied and discussed in this paper.

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Treatment of dispersive clay soil by ZELIAC

Cited by 37 publications

References 43 publications

Effect of cations and anions on flocculation of dispersive clayey soils

Effect of cations and anions on flocculation of dispersive clayey soils

Phytoremediation: green technology for improving aquatic and terrestrial environments

A Review of Sustainable Materials to Improve Geotechnical Properties of Soils

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